Additional Concepts

Question 1

____________________ is an analytical technique based on the measurement of mass.

Answer 1

Gravimetric Analysis

Question 2

___________________ measures the acidity or basicity of a solution by comparing it with a standard acid or base solution.

Answer 2

Acid-Base Titrations

Question 3

What are the steps to be followed when performing Gravimetric Analysis?

Answer 3

1. Weigh the sample to be analyzed.
2. Dissolve the sample in water.
3. Add a suitable chemical to form a precipitate.
4. Filter to collect the precipitate.
5. Dry and weigh repetitively until a constant mass of precipitate is obtained.

Question 4

_________ is a common laboratory technique for determining the concentration of a solute.

Answer 4

Titration

Question 5

TRUE OR FALSE: Solutions don’t conduct electricity because of the free flow of electrons in their structure known as electrolytes.

Answer 5

False, solutions DO conduct electricity due to electrolytes.

Question 6

____________ are salts or molecules that ionize completely in solution. As a result, these solutions readily conduct electricity.

Answer 6

Electrolytes

Question 7

Weak acids and weak bases are ________ electrolytes.

Answer 7

weak

Question 8

_______________ do not dissociate into ions in solution; these solutions do not conduct electricity.

Answer 8

Nonelectrolytes

Question 9

What law shows that the vapor pressure of a solution is equal to the mole fraction of the solvent multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure liquid?

Answer 9

Raoult’s Law, by Francois-Marie Raoult (between 1887-1888)

Question 10

It is a mixture of two or more substances evenly distributed in a single phase.

Answer 10

Solution

Question 11

A component of a solution; the dissolved substance.

Answer 11

Solute

Question 12

A component of a solution; the dissolving medium.

Answer 12

Solvent

Question 13

Solutions are classified according to what 3 things?

Answer 13

I. amount of solute
II. presence of solute in and out of a membrane
III. concentration

Question 14

A type of solution based on the amount of solute. A ___________ solution contains less amount of solute dissolved in a given solvent.

Answer 14

Unsaturated

Question 15

A type of solution based on the amount of solute. The amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent is in its maximum.

Answer 15

Saturated

Question 16

A type of solution based on the amount of solute. It contains more solute than what is present in a saturated solution. The excess solute crystallizes.

Answer 16

Supersaturated

Question 17

What are the 3 types of solution based on the amount of solute?

Answer 17

I. Unsaturated
II. Saturated
III. Supersaturated

Question 18

The types of solution based on the presence of solute in and out of a membrane are _________, ________, and __________.

Answer 18

Hypotonic, Isotonic, and Hypertonic

Question 19

A type of solution based on the presence of solute in and out of a membrane, in which the concentration of solution inside a cell is higher than outside of it.

Answer 19

Hypotonic

Question 20

A type of solution based on the presence of solute in and out of a membrane, in which there is a higher concentration outside the cell than the inside, allowing the solvent to leave the cell causing the cell to shrink.

Answer 20

Hypertonic

Question 21

A type of solution based on the presence of solute in and out of a membrane, in which the concentration outside the cell is the same outside.

Answer 21

Isotonic

Question 22

The formation of a solution from a solute and solvent is a ________ process. (physical or chemical)

Answer 22

physical

Question 23

What is solvation?

Answer 23

It is the process in which an ion or molecule is surrounded by solvent molecules arranged in a specific manner.

Question 24

What are the factors affecting the rate of solvation?

Answer 24

I. temperature
II. concentration
III. surface area of solute
IV. concentration of solvent
V. stirring

Question 25

What is enthalpy?

Answer 25

It is a thermodynamic quantity whose value depends only on the state of the substance—the temperature, pressure, volume, etc.

Question 26

_____________ is a branch of chemistry which deals with the quantitative relationships in chemical reaction, either in mass or volume of reactants and products.

Answer 26

Stoichiometry

Question 27

__________ refers to the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent.

Answer 27

Solubility

Question 28

What factors affect solubility?

Answer 28

I. nature of solute II. temperature III. pressure

Question 29

What factors affect the rate of dissolvin?

Answer 29

I. stirring or agitation II. heating III. powdering

Question 30

It is the branch of physical science dealing with the study of matter, its composition, properties, changes it undergo, and the energy associated with the changes.

Answer 30

Chemistry

Question 31

Mass, volume, and area are examples of _________ property. (intensive or extensive)

Answer 31

extensive

Question 32

Boiling point, freezing point, and density are examples of _________ property. (intensive or extensive)

Answer 32

intensive

Question 33

The study of heat and energy changes that accompany physical and chemical processes.

Answer 33

Thermochemistry

Question 34

TRUE OR FALSE: The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

A branch of physical science that deals with the relationship between heat work and other forms of energy.

Answer 35

Thermodynamics

Question 36

What law of thermodynamics states that the energy lost by a system is gained by its surroundings and vice versa?

Answer 36

First law of thermodynamics. It is, in fact, equivalent to the law of conservation of energy.

Question 37

Endothermic vs Exothermic

Answer 37

In an endothermic process, the system absorbs heat. Meanwhile, in an exothermic process, the system releases heat.

Question 38

What is the SI unit for energy?

Answer 38

Joule

Question 39

What is the SI unit for energy?

Answer 39

Joule

Question 40

The _____________ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of A GIVEN QUANTITY of a substance by one degree celsius.

Answer 40

Heat Capacity

Question 41

The _____________ of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of ONE GRAM of a substance by one degree celsius.

Answer 41

Specific Heat

Question 42

The energy needed for one gram of a solid to melt without any change in temperature.

Answer 42

Heat of Fusion