Ch 1 and 2

Question 1

Composition

Answer 1

Chemical makeup of a material

Question 2

Structure

Answer 2

Arrangements of atoms at different levels of detail

Question 3

Synthesis

Answer 3

How materials are made

Question 4

Processing

Answer 4

How materials are shaped

Question 5

Stress

Answer 5

Force/Area

Question 6

Strain

Answer 6

Change in length/original length

Question 7

Crystalline

Answer 7

Atoms arranged in a periodic fashion

Question 8

Amorphous

Answer 8

Atom arrangement that does not have long-range order

Question 9

Single crystals

Answer 9

Crystalline materials consisting of a single crystal

Question 10

Polycrystalline

Answer 10

Crystalline materials consisting of many grains or crystals

Question 11

Atomic structure

Answer 11

0.1 nm, diamond-coated cutting tools, C-C covalent bonds are strong, hard, and wear resistant

Question 12

Short-range order

Answer 12

0.1 to 1 nm, silica optical fibers, amorphous (only short-range order)

Question 13

Long-range order

Answer 13

10 nm to 1 cm

Question 14

Nanostructure

Answer 14

1-100 nm

Question 15

Microstructure

Answer 15

0.1-100 micrometers

Question 16

Macrostructure

Answer 16

Greater than 100 micrometers, thick coatings for aesthetics and corrosion resistance

Question 17

Atomic number

Answer 17

Number of protons

Question 18

Atomic mass

Answer 18

Total mass of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the stuff in the middle)

Question 19

Three types of primary bonds

Answer 19

Metallic, covalent, and ionic

Question 20

Secondary bonding

Answer 20

van der Waals bonds, when within one atom you have positive and negative charges, so it “distort” the material and creates a secondary bond with surrounding neutral materials

Question 21

Covalent bonds re electrons

Answer 21

Sharing of electrons

Question 22

Ionic bonds re electrons

Answer 22

Transfer of electrons