Ch 1 An Overview Of Community Corrections: Goals And Evidence-based Practices Flashcards
Post-adjudication
The defendant has either pleaded guilty or been found guilty by a judge or jury
Community corrections
A nonincarcerative sanction in which offenders serve all or a portion of their sentence in the community
Pre-adjudication
Treatment with supervision occurs in the community prior to a finding of guilt
Probation
The community supervision of a convicted offender in lieu of incarceration under conditions imposed by the court for a specific period during which the court retains authority to modify the conditions or to resentence the offender if he or she violates the conditions
Indeterminate sentencing
A sentencing philosophy that encourages rehabilitation and incorporates a broad sentencing range where discretionary release is determined by a parole board based on the offenders remorse, insight into his or her mistakes, involvement in rehabilitation, and readiness to return to society.
Presumptive sentence
A statutorily determined sentence that offenders will presumably receive if convicted. offenders convicted in a jurisdiction with presumptive sentences will be assessed this sentence unless mitigating or aggravating circumstances are found to exist.
Determinate sentencing
A sentencing philosophy that focuses on consistency for the crime committed, specifying by statute or sentencing guidelines an exact amount or narrow range of time to be served in prison or in the community, which mandates the minimum amount of time before the offender is eligible (if at all) for release. Also known as a presumptive , fixed, or mandatory sentence.
Bail
Monetary payment deposited with the court to ensure the defendants return for the next court date in exchange for the defendants release.
Pre-trial supervision
Court-ordered correctional supervision of a defendant who has not yet been convicted whereby the defendant participates in activities such as reporting, house arrest, and electronic monitoring to ensure appearance at the next court date.
Intermediate sanctions
A spectrum of community supervision strategies that vary greatly in terms of their supervision level and treatment capacity, ranging from diversion to short-term duration in a residential community facility.
Prisoner re-entry
Any activity or program conducted to prepare ex-convicts to return safely to the community and to live as law-abiding citizens.
Pre-release program
A minimum-security community-based or institutional setting for offenders who have spent time in prison and are nearing release. The focus of these programs includes transitioning, securing a job, and reestablishing family connections.
Parole
Early privileged release of a convicted offender from a penal or correctional institution, under the continual custody of the state, to serve the remainder of his or her sentence in the community under supervision.
Restorative justice
Various sentencing philosophies and practices that emphasize the offender taking responsibility to repair the harm done to the victim and to the surrounding community. Includes forms of victim offender mediation, reparation panels, circle sentencing, and monetary sanctions.
Evidence-based practices
Integrating into everyday practice the correctional programs and techniques that have been shown to be the most effective with offenders using evaluation results from systematically evaluated research studies.
