Ch 1 Flashcards
Substances that possess harmful characteristics are called?
Hazardous materials in the United States. Dangerous goods in Canada and other countries
One particularly dangerous and hazardous materials are used as weapons, they are sometimes referred to as?
WMDs
CBRNE
Any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk to health, safety, property, and or the environment if it is not properly controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, used, disposal, or transportation.
Hazardous material
Any product, substance, or organism included by its nature or by regulation in any of the nine United Nations classifications of hazardous materials
Dangerous goods
Term used in the United States and Canada for hazardous materials aboard aircraft
Dangerous goods
Potential causes of hazmat incident:
Human error. Mechanical breakdowns/malfunctions. Container failures. Transportation accidents. Deliberate acts(Chemical suicide and wmd incidents)
Two cars to become less harsh or hostile; to make less severe, intense or painful; to alleviate
Mitigate
Third of three steps in one method of sizing up an emergency situation
Mitigate
Standard for hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction emergency response personnel professional qualifications
NFPA 1072
Standard for competence of responders to hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incident
NFPA 472
Standard for competencies for EMS personnel responding to hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incidents
NFPA 473
NFPA 1072 and 470 to identify three training levels:
Awareness. Operations. Operations mission specific
Lowest level of training established by the NFPA at hazardous material incidents
Awareness
Level of training established by the NFPA allowing first responders to take defensive actions at hazardous materials incident
Operations level
Level of training established by the NFPA allowing first responders to take additional defensive task and limited offensive actions at hazardous material incidents
Operations mission specific
Training level :
These may include using specialized equipment and performing task or they might come into contact with the hazardous material
Operations mission specific
Training level :
Responders dispatched to the scene in order to mitigate the incident
Operations
Training level:
With some exceptions, they are not expected to come into direct contact with the hazardous materials
Operations
Training level:
These personnel are typically at the incident when it occurs.
Awareness
Training level:
They perform limited defensive actions.
Awareness. Such as calling for help, evacuating the hazard area, and securing the scene
These personnel perform offensive tasks, including controlling releases.
Hazmat technician
These personnel manage the hazmat personnel and operations under the direction of the incident commander
Hazardous materials officer
These personnel provide expertise and specialized areas, typically in an advisory capacity
Specialist
Ensures that recognized safe practices are followed at hazmat incidents
Hazmat safety officer
Hey simple, for step response model that can guide responders actions at hazardous material incidents
APIE
Define APIE:
Analyze the incident.
Plan the initial response. Implement the response.
Evaluate progress.
Perception of the surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events
Situation awareness
Planning the response:
Awareness personnel may be authorized to use the___to determine isolation distances
ERG
Individuals who respond to hazmat releases or potential releases as part of their normal duties
Operation level
These responders are expected to protect individuals, the environment, and property from the effects of the release in a primarily defensive manner
Operations level
Analyzing the incident:
At the operations level, responders are expected to identify potential hazards at incidents including:
Type of container.
Hazardous material.
Hazards presented.
Potential behavior
Evaluating progress:
At the operations level, responders are expected to evaluate the progress of?
Their assigned tasks
What are the main routes of entry? Also called routes of exposure
Inhalation. Ingestion. Absorption. Injection.
This is important to prevent accidental ingestion of hazmats
Handwashing
Many poisons are easily absorbed into your body in this manner
Absorption
Pathways by which hazardous materials get into or affect the human body
Routes of entry
This is the most common exposure route
Inhalation
Three primary mechanisms of harm:
Energy release.
Corrosivity.
Toxicity.
Three primary mechanisms of harm:
At hazmat incidents this presents the greatest threat
Energy release
With the exception of liquid and gas fuel’s,_____comprise the largest usage class by volume in industry
Corrosive
Potential energy stored in the internal structure of the material that may be released during a chemical reaction or transformation
Chemical energy
Form of energy resulting from the presence and flow of charged particles
Electricity
Simplest type of micro organisms that can only replicate itself in the living cells of its host. Unaffected by antibiotics
Virus
Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measured in pounds per square inch or kilopascals
Pressure
Form of energy associated with the motion of Adams or molecules and solids or liquids that is transferred from one body to another as a result of a temperature difference between the bodies.
Heat. Measured in degrees of temperature
Energy possessed by object due to their position or emotion, the sum of potential and kinetic energy
Mechanical energy
Chemicals or biological substances that cause sickness, illness, or injury by doing damage on the molecular scale when in contact with the body are considered?
Toxic
When hazardous materials and undergo chemical reactions, they release?
Chemical energy
Micro scopic single celled organism
Bacteria
Substance that has the property of being poisonous
Toxic
These regulations are sometimes referred to as the hazardous materials regulations or HMR
Title 49 code of federal regulations.
Issued by the DOT
The EPA issues legislation to protect the environment in?
Title 40 CFR
OSHA issues legislation relating to worker safety under?
Title 29 CFR
What is the has whopper regulation?
29 CFR 1910.120
What is the hazard communication regulation?
29 CFR 1910.1200
Ultimately the lead agency on terrorist incident seems
The FBI. Under the DOJ
Illegal labs
Clandestine
Most hazmat incidents involve all the following products:
Flammable/combustible liquids. Corrosives.
Anhydrous ammonia.
Chlorine.
Most transportation incidents occur while the materials are being transported via____rather than by air, rail, or water
Highway
