Ch 1-.. Flashcards
1
Q
Who normally gets on the Sean first ?
A
EMR
2
Q
Who is the first part of the EMS system
A
EMR
3
Q
How does the EMS system begin ?
A
With a call from patient,family member ,friend or bystander
4
Q
Where are EMS calls answered ?
A
Public safety answering point
5
Q
People at the dispatch center are trained as what?
A
Emergency medical dispatchers
6
Q
How many levels of EMS are there ?
A
4
7
Q
What are the levels of EMS ?
A
EMR
EMT
Advance EMT
PARAMEDIC
8
Q
What is an advance EMT JOB consist of ?
A
Is fluid some medications advance airway assessment techniques
9
Q
Many EMS system provide what kind of system ?
A
Tiered system
10
Q
What are the different type of specialty hospitals?
A
Trina center
Pediatric center
Burn center
Cardiovascular care center
Stroke center
11
Q
How many classic components of the EMS system are there ?
A
10
12
Q
Which states have or has a system that oversees EMS within that state ?
A
ALL states
13
Q
Who is involved in quality improvement and the development of protocols
A
Medical director
14
Q
How should EMS providers treat people ?
A
How they would expect people to treat them
15
Q
What are EMR providers required to do ?
A
Obtain ongoing or continuing education (CE)
16
Q
Quality improvement committee composed of who ?
A
Members of an organization both administrative and field staff medical director and others
17
Q
How to prevent errors?
A
Double check important facts and decision
Use pocket reference
Question assumptions
Ask for help or assistance
Debrief calls afterwards and look for ways to improve
18
Q
What should you do every-time?
A
Make sure he scene is safe
19
Q
What are the four basic procedures that are used when you encounter danger
A
Cover
Concealment
Distraction
Retreat
20
Q
What are some hazards that you should look out for on a scene ??
A
Signs of hazardous materials
Signs of wires down in an area
Unstable vehicles
Patients that are in a dangerous place
21
Q
What are standard precautions?
A
Practices to prevent exposure to disease during patient contact
22
Q
How could diseases be transferred to EMS providers ?
A
Body fluids
Airborne droplets
23
Q
How can disease enter the body ?
A
Open wound
Mucous membranes including eye nose or mouth
Or accidental needle stick
24
Q
What most employers have in place to help prevent exposure to disease long before potential contact occurs
A
Strategic controls
25
When should you wash hands
After any patient contact and anytime gloves are removed
26
What is the most common PPE used at emergency scene
Protective Gloves
27
Anatomical position
A standard used when referring to the location of your patient
28
Supine
Patient laying on her back facing up
29
Prone
A patient laying on her stomach
30
Right lateral recumbent
Patient laying on her right side or (recovery position )
31
Left lateral recumbent
Patient laying on her left side in the recovery position
32
Medial
Towards the midline
33
Lateral
Away from the midline ( ex your thumb is in the lateral side of your hand
34
Superior
Towards the head
35
Inferior
Towards the feet
36
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment
37
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment the elbow is proximal to the wrist
38
Anterior/ventral
Toward the front ( ex the chest is anterior
39
Posterior/dorsal
Towards the back
40
Superficial
Towards the surface (ex a scrape of your knee)
41
Deep
Farther from the surface
42
Internal
Inside
43
External
Outside (ex burn to palm of hand)
44
Cranial cavity
Cavity that contain the brain (skull)
45
Thoracic (chest) cavity
Cavity that contains the lungs heart great vessels trachea and esophagus
46
Abdominal cavity
This cavity contains the stomach intestines liver gallbladder pancreas spleen appendix and kidney
47
Pelvic cavity
Contains the bladder recriminations and internal female reproductive organs
48
Anatomy
The study of structure of how the body part look
49
Topographic anatomy
Look at the external surfaces and the shapes giving by underlining structures
50
Gross anAtomy
Structures visible to the naked eye such as muscles bone and body organs
51
Physiology
The study of biological functions or how body part works
52
Homeostasis
The body state of balance between all processes
53
How many systems are in the body’s
11
54
What protects vital organs
Then skeleton
55
How many bones are in a adult skeleton
206
56
Bones are attached to each other by what ?
Ligaments
57
Muscles are connected to bones by what ?
Bone tendons
58
The spinal cord are made up of how many bones
33
59
Cervical spine
7 vertebrae support head and neck
60
Thoracic spine
Consist of 12 vertebrae form upper back
61
Lumbar spine
Consist of 5 vertebrae that from the Lower back
62
Sacrum
Consist of 5 fused vertebrae part of the pelvic girdle
63
Coccyx
Tail bone 4 fused vertebrae
64
Thorax
Commonly called rib cage consist of 12 pairs of ribs
65
What are the first pair of ten ribs attached to ?
Sternum
66
Xiphoid process
Peace of cartilage
67
Immovable joints
Bones at joints are fused together (ex bones in the skull )
68
Slightly movable joints
Has a limited range of motion (bones that make up spinal cord )
69
Freely movable joints
Has a great range of motion ex (fingers toes elbo and knee... etc
70
Voluntary muscles
Skeletal or striated muscles
Move under voluntary control
71
Involuntary muscles
Found in airway Respiratory system the digestive track and the blood vessel
72
Where are cardiac muscles found
Only found in the heart
73
Ventilation
Process of moving air in and out of the body
74
Desperation
Exchange of gases in the cells
75
Inspiration
Also called inhalation when you breath in air
76
Expiration
Also called exhaustion
77
Larynx
Superior end of the trachea
78
What are smaller bronchi called
Bronchioles
79
Alveoli
Located at the end of the bronchioles like a cluster of grapes
80
What is the arteries job
Carry blood away from the heart
81
What are capillaries
Are very thin blood vessels where where the exchange of gases nutrients and waster between blood and cells occurs
82
Red blood cells
Carry oxygen to cells
83
White blood cells
Fight infections
84
Platelets
Help blood clotting
85
What is the central nervous system consist of ?
Brain and spinal cord
86
Peripheral nervous system
Contains all nerves that transfer message to and from central nervous system
87
Somatic nervous system
Responsible for all aspects that you have control over such as body movement
88
Automatic nervous system
Systems such as heart rate respiratory and digestive system
89
What is the body first line of defense ?
Then skin
90
The outmost later of the skin is called?
Epidermis
91
Area that contains the blood vessels hair follicles and sweat glands oil glands and sensory nerves
Dermis
92
What is the inner most layer of the skin called ?
Subcutaneous layer
93
What two processes does the digestive system use ?
Mechanical and chemical
94
What is the responsibility of the unitary system ?
Filtration for the blood removing water salts materials and other waste products
95
What is the kidney purpose
Filtration
96
Purpose of the lymphatic immune system
Helps defend the body against infection and disease and returns tissue fluids back to the bloodstream
97
What is the purpose of hormones ?
Help regulate various system and processes
98
Atmospheric air contains how much oxygen ?
21 percent
99
What is the heart rate of and infant ?
120-160
100
Respiratory rate of infant
30-60
101
Heart rate of a toddler
80-130
102
Respiratory rate for a toddler
20-30
103
Heart rate for preschool
80-120
104
Respiratory rate for preschool
20-30
105
Heart rate for school age
70-110
106
Respiratory rate for school
20-30
107
Adolescent heart rate
55-105
108
Respiratory rate for adolescent
12/20
109
Cyanosis
Blue color
110
Paradoxical motion
Broken rips moves in opposite direction or remainder of the chest
111
Oxygenation
Refers to the amount of oxygen in the blood that will be carried to the body
112
What is the most common airway obstruction ?
The tongue
113
How can the tongue be removed from the back of the throat ?
By tilting the head back
114
What device is used to measure how many hemoglobin is actually carrying oxygen at any given time ?
Pulse oximeter
115
What other gas doe hemoglobin also carry
Carbon dioxide
116
FBAO
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction
117
The heart is divided into two upper chambers and two lower chambers called
Atria and ventricles
118
When does cardiac arrest happen
When the heart stops beating
119
Brain cells begin to die after how long
4-6 minutes
120
Irreversible brain damage
8-10 minutes
121
Apnea
No breathing
122
If an infant is in cardiac arrest where should you check the pulse ?
Brachial artery
123
What is the electric rhythm in the heart called ?
Arrhythmia
124
What are the two different types of AEDs
Fully automated and semi automated
125
PAD
Public access difibrillation
126
What is the first part of patient assessment
Scene size up
127
What are the 5 major components of scene size up ?
```
Scene safety
standard precautions determination
Resources determination
Number of patients
Mechanism of injury nature of illness
```
128
You should begin observation as you approach look for
Any signs of fighting
Signs of alcohol or drugs
Unusual silence
129
What can you use to update incoming units of violence
Cell phone and radio
130
Mechanism of injury
They physical force that cause patient injury
131
General rule for mechanism of injury
Then faster the speed involved in the injury or greater the high the more Injury
132
Why is mechanism of injury important
Patient only focus on on injury at a time
133
MCI
Mass casualty incident
134
Chief complaint
Documented in patient own words
135
AVPU
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
136
For widely accepted levels or responsiveness
AVPU
137
Angola breathing
Inadequate breathing
138
When is disability check used ?
In trauma patients
Designed to test central nervous system (brain and spinal cord )
139
What kind of questions require patients to give answers better than a yes or no
Open ended questions
140
Symptoms
What a patient tells you are complains about
141
Sign
Something you observe or measure
142
```
S
A
M
P
L
E
```
Signs
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
L last oral intake
E events
143
Taking multiple set of vitals over time is known as what ?
Trending
144
A palpable pressure is called what ?
Pulse
145
Capillary refill
The length of time it takes to refill capillary beds of the skin after pressure force blood out of them
146
Systolic
Squees
147
Diastolic
Relaxation of the heart
148
Asculatating
Listing with your ears or with stethoscope
149
Palpitating
Feeling with your hands
150
D
O
T
S
Deformity
Open injuries
Tenderness (or pain)
Swelling
151
What can hinder your abilities to find injuries
Heavy clothing
152
One set of vitals is called what ?
Baseline
153
How often should you take vitals for unstable patient ?
Every 5 min
154
How often should you take vitals for patients who appears stable
At least every 15 minutes
155
You should continue to monitor patient until what happen
Until EMT strive
156
A
B
C
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
157
Personal space
An area about 3 feet
158
What kind of questions can be answered with one word?
Open ended question
159
Run data
Administration information
160
Patient data
Information gained during your assessment such as physical findings
161
What could be subpoenaed I court
Prehospital care report
