Ch 1 Flashcards
a.Recognized the value of muscle strengthening using exercises, and was also the first physician in his time recommend therapeutic exercises.
1.Hippocrates-The Father of Medicine
b.He was the first to use electrical stimulation. (With a torpedo fish)
1.Hippocrates-The Father of Medicine
Moderate exercise strengthened the body,increased body temperature,allowed the pores of skin to open, and improved a person’s spiritual well being. (person)
Galen
He was also an authority on trauma surgery and musculoskeletal injuries.
Galen
He describe a kinetic principle the roles of anatomy and physiology human movement.
Galen
The first scientist to relate the movements created by exercise to the musculoskeletal system.
Andry
Considered the “grandfather of orthopedics”
Andry
Discovered that muscle training exercises were the most important early therapeutic measures for polio treatment.
Robert Lovett
Developed the training technique of ambulation with crutches.(patients who had paraplegia or paralysis)
Wilhelmine Wright
She also introduced the manual muscle testing procedure in physical therapy.
Wilhelmine Wright
She believed the muscle testing on polio patients and the use of stronger muscles to compensate for the weakness of muscles affected by polio
Wilhelmine Wright
Discovered that the reasons for backaches were faulty posture and habits.
Joel E. Goldthwait
Gave the types of manipulative therapy techniques French names such as “effleurage” , “petrissage”, and “tapotement”. Theses techniques became now as the swedish massage.
Dr. Mezger
a. Introduced shoulder exercises known as Codman pendulum exercises.
b. Allow the shoulder to be influenced by gravity.
Earnest Codman
Created Back-extension exercises that relieved pressure posteriorly on the spinal disk. (person)
Robin McKenzie
Where did physical therapy begin?
Ancient China, India, & Greece
What year was electrical stimulation introduced into the US?
In the 1860s, electrical stimulation was first introduced in the US as a therapeutic modality.
What are the main events that caused PT to be created in the US?
The creation of the physical therapy profession centered around two major events: the poliomyelitis epidemics and the negative effects of WWI and WWII.
Hippocrates, Aristotle, & Galen
what year
Early Medicine
Reconstruction Aides; Mary McMillian (year)
1914-1920
Development of the PT Profession; American Physiotherapy Association; Polio (year)
1920-1940
Professional and Educational Development; Polio Vaccine, Journal of the APTA and PTAs
1940-1970-
Expansion of the Profession;Licensure Laws;Specialty Boards; Adv. Degrees
(year)
1970-1996
Changing Health care;Balanced Budget Act;APTA vision; Direct Access (year)
1996-2015
•What were the first PTs called ? Who were they? Where professions were they a cross between?
◦Reconstruction Aides.
◦ Marguerite Sanderson and Mary McMillan
◦Described as a combination of “the school teacher” and “the professional nurse”.
◦physiotherapist and used to work with Dr. J. Goldthwait and was appointed as the first supervisor of Reconstruction Aides.
◦Her role was to recruit and arrange for training of reconstruction aides and send them to Europe to help would the soldiers.
Marguerite Sanderson
◦assigned the training program for reconstruction aides at Walter Reed General Hospital.
In January 1919, she was awarded the position of Chief Reconstruction Aide
Mary McMillian
•Study the development of the Professional Organization.(Page 10)
page 10
What year did the “Profession” recognize a name change to physical therapists?
1946
What year did Congress agree to reimburse home health therapy?
1972
◦The APTA vision statement adopted in 2013 includes new guiding principles.
vision 2020
means the ability of the public to directly access a PTs services such as PT evaluation, examination, and intervention. Direct access eliminates the patients need to visit his or her physician to ask for physicians referral.
Direct Access
◦ purpose was to more fully integrate PTA members into the APTA`s governance structure and increase PTAs influence in the Association. It represents the PTAs interests,needs, and issues in the APTA governance.
PTA Caucus
•Discuss membership in the APTA. Where is headquarters? (Page 19)
The Association’s headquarters are in Alexandria, Virginia.
◦Commision on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education-Grants specialized accreditation status to qualified entry-level education programs for PT and PTAs.
CAPTE
The governing body for certification and recertification of clinical specialists by coordinating and supervising the specialist certification process.
ABPTS
◦The physical therapy political action committee of the APTA is a vital aspect of the Association’s success on Capitol Hill. The PT-PAC ensures that future legislative actions on Capitol Hill are helpful to pt practice.
PAC
