Ch 1

Question 1

a.Recognized the value of muscle strengthening using exercises, and was also the first physician in his time recommend therapeutic exercises.

Answer 1

1.Hippocrates-The Father of Medicine

Question 2

b.He was the first to use electrical stimulation. (With a torpedo fish)

Answer 2

1.Hippocrates-The Father of Medicine

Question 3

Moderate exercise strengthened the body,increased body temperature,allowed the pores of skin to open, and improved a person’s spiritual well being. (person)

Answer 3

Galen

Question 4

He was also an authority on trauma surgery and musculoskeletal injuries.

Answer 4

Galen

Question 5

He describe a kinetic principle the roles of anatomy and physiology human movement.

Answer 5

Galen

Question 6

The first scientist to relate the movements created by exercise to the musculoskeletal system.

Answer 6

Andry

Question 7

Considered the “grandfather of orthopedics”

Answer 7

Andry

Question 8

Discovered that muscle training exercises were the most important early therapeutic measures for polio treatment.

Answer 8

Robert Lovett

Question 9

Developed the training technique of ambulation with crutches.(patients who had paraplegia or paralysis)

Answer 9

Wilhelmine Wright

Question 10

She also introduced the manual muscle testing procedure in physical therapy.

Answer 10

Wilhelmine Wright

Question 11

She believed the muscle testing on polio patients and the use of stronger muscles to compensate for the weakness of muscles affected by polio

Answer 11

Wilhelmine Wright

Question 12

Discovered that the reasons for backaches were faulty posture and habits.

Answer 12

Joel E. Goldthwait

Question 13

Gave the types of manipulative therapy techniques French names such as “effleurage” , “petrissage”, and “tapotement”. Theses techniques became now as the swedish massage.

Answer 13

Dr. Mezger

Question 14

a. Introduced shoulder exercises known as Codman pendulum exercises.
b. Allow the shoulder to be influenced by gravity.

Answer 14

Earnest Codman

Question 15

Created Back-extension exercises that relieved pressure posteriorly on the spinal disk. (person)

Answer 15

Robin McKenzie

Question 16

Where did physical therapy begin?

Answer 16

Ancient China, India, & Greece

Question 17

What year was electrical stimulation introduced into the US?

Answer 17

In the 1860s, electrical stimulation was first introduced in the US as a therapeutic modality.

Question 18

What are the main events that caused PT to be created in the US?

Answer 18

The creation of the physical therapy profession centered around two major events: the poliomyelitis epidemics and the negative effects of WWI and WWII.

Question 19

Hippocrates, Aristotle, & Galen

what year

Answer 19

Early Medicine

Question 20

Reconstruction Aides; Mary McMillian (year)

Answer 20

1914-1920

Question 21

Development of the PT Profession; American Physiotherapy Association; Polio (year)

Answer 21

1920-1940

Question 22

Professional and Educational Development; Polio Vaccine, Journal of the APTA and PTAs

Answer 22

1940-1970-

Question 23

Expansion of the Profession;Licensure Laws;Specialty Boards; Adv. Degrees
(year)

Answer 23

1970-1996

Question 24

Changing Health care;Balanced Budget Act;APTA vision; Direct Access (year)

Answer 24

1996-2015

Question 25

•What were the first PTs called ? Who were they? Where professions were they a cross between?

Answer 25

◦Reconstruction Aides.
◦ Marguerite Sanderson and Mary McMillan
◦Described as a combination of “the school teacher” and “the professional nurse”.

Question 26

◦physiotherapist and used to work with Dr. J. Goldthwait and was appointed as the first supervisor of Reconstruction Aides.
◦Her role was to recruit and arrange for training of reconstruction aides and send them to Europe to help would the soldiers.

Answer 26

Marguerite Sanderson

Question 27

◦assigned the training program for reconstruction aides at Walter Reed General Hospital.

In January 1919, she was awarded the position of Chief Reconstruction Aide

Answer 27

Mary McMillian

Question 28

•Study the development of the Professional Organization.(Page 10)

Answer 28

page 10

Question 29

What year did the “Profession” recognize a name change to physical therapists?

Answer 29

1946

Question 30

What year did Congress agree to reimburse home health therapy?

Answer 30

1972

Question 31

◦The APTA vision statement adopted in 2013 includes new guiding principles.

Answer 31

vision 2020

Question 32

means the ability of the public to directly access a PTs services such as PT evaluation, examination, and intervention. Direct access eliminates the patients need to visit his or her physician to ask for physicians referral.

Answer 32

Direct Access

Question 33

◦ purpose was to more fully integrate PTA members into the APTA`s governance structure and increase PTAs influence in the Association. It represents the PTAs interests,needs, and issues in the APTA governance.

Answer 33

PTA Caucus

Question 34

•Discuss membership in the APTA. Where is headquarters? (Page 19)

Answer 34

The Association’s headquarters are in Alexandria, Virginia.

Question 35

◦Commision on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education-Grants specialized accreditation status to qualified entry-level education programs for PT and PTAs.

Answer 35

CAPTE

Question 36

The governing body for certification and recertification of clinical specialists by coordinating and supervising the specialist certification process.

Answer 36

ABPTS

Question 37

◦The physical therapy political action committee of the APTA is a vital aspect of the Association’s success on Capitol Hill. The PT-PAC ensures that future legislative actions on Capitol Hill are helpful to pt practice.

Answer 37

PAC