Ch 1,2,3,4,8,9 vocab Flashcards
automatic thoughts
rapid unthinking responses based on schemas; often irrational and lead to false assumptions
behavioral therapy
assumes that changes in maladaptive behavior can occur without insight into the underlying cause
biofeedback
form of behavioral therapy used for controlling the body’s physiological response to stress and anxiety
classical conditioning
neutral stimulus (bell) was repeatedly paired with another stimulus (food that triggered salivation) eventually the neutral stimulus could elicit salivation
cognitive behavior therapy
developed by beck which is based on cognitive psychology and behavioral therapy
cognitive distortions
irrational and lead to false assumptions and misinterpretations
conditioning
pairing a behavior with a condition that reinforces or diminishes the behaviors occurrence
countertransference
unconscious feeling that the healthcare worker has toward the patient
defense mechanisms
developed by the ego to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings
extinction
absence of reinforcement
interpersonal therapy
effective short-term therapy used to reduce psychiatric symptoms like depression by improving interpersonal functioning and satisfaction with social relationships
negative reinforcement
removal of an objectionable or averse (unpleasant) stimuli; rat removing the electrical impulse by the lever
positive reinforcement
hungry rat pressed a lever and was given food pellet
operant conditioning
method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishment for voluntary behavior
reinforcement
how behavior responses are elicited causing behavior to occur more frequently
psychodynamic therapy
rooted in traditional psychoanalysis using free association and dream analysis; form of talk therapy originating from freud
punishment
technique of applying an unpleasant consequence to make behavior occur less frequently
SSRIs
block the reuptake of serotonin making more of this neurotransmitter available in the synapse
antagonists
block neurotransmitter from binding to its receptor causing obstruction of neurotransmitter action
anxiolytic
work by increasing the effectiveness of the neurotransmitter; primarily works by increasing receptor responsiveness
cholinesterase inhibitors
slow rate of memory loss
cholinesterase
enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine
1st gen antipsychotics
decrease dopamine activity in CNS by antagonizing D2 receptors
hypnotic
sleep inducing
pharmacodynamics
what a drug does to the body and how
pharmacokinetics
how the drug moves through the body; absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
pharmacogenetics
explains how genetic variations lead to differences in med. tolerability and responses
therapeutic index
represents the ratio of the lethal dose to the effective dose
assertive community treatment
intensive type of case management developed in1970s; work intensely with pt in homes or hospitals; on call 24 hours a day
clinical pathways
task oriented plans detailed essential steps in care of patients with specific clinical problems based on usual expected clinical course; step by step plan (like ACLS)
elopement
leaving before being discharged
least restrictive environment
setting that provides the necessary care while allowing the greatest personal freedom
milieu
refers to the surroundings and physical environment
triage
determining the severity of the problem and urgency of a response
stabilization
resolution of immediate crisis
stigma
sense of responsibility, shame, and being flawed associated with disorders
personal relationship
primarily initiated for the purpose of friendship, socialization, enjoyment, or accomplishment of a task; mutual needs are met
positive regard
respecting a person and viewing another person as being worthy of caring about and as someone who has strengths and achievement potential
professional nurse-patient relationship
consists of nurse who has skills and expertise and a patient who wants to feel better and find solutions to problems through exploring methods to improve quality of life
psychotherapy
formalized approach to talk therapy
therapeutic encounter
an encounter that is substantial, useful, and important for the patient
therapeutic relationship
focus of the relationship is on the patients ideas, experiences, and feelings
therapeutic use of self
the use of gifts to promote healing in others such as traits or talents specific to the nurse
values
abstract standards and represent an ideal (positive or negative); your judgement of what is important in life
active listening
focus, respond, and remember what pt is saying verbally and nonverbally
cultural filters
bias or prejudice that determines what we pay attention to or ignore
mobile medical applications
tools to monitor diagnose treat and communicate with pt
non-therapeutic communication
ineffective communication technique that impedes or shuts down nurse-patient interaction
patient-centered
refers to the patient as a full partner in care whose values, preferences, and needs are respected
therapeutic communication techniques
include words and actions that help to achieve health-related goals; silence, active listening, clarifying techniques, questions
