Ch 1

Question 1

area of professional orientation

Answer 1

developing a professional identity as a counselor
learning about ethics
learning about the law as it applies to counseling

Question 2

similarities between morals, values, ethics

Answer 2

involve judgement between what is bad and good
pertain to the study of human conduct and relationships

Question 3

moral

Answer 3

customs or norms
determined with broad cultural context or religious standard
based on your own values

Question 4

values

Answer 4

serve as a guide to determining good or right behavior
applied broadly to both the personal and professional functioning of counselors
influenced by upbringing, culture, religion, etc.

Question 5

bracket

Answer 5

set aside personal values within counseling relationship

Question 6

professional values

Answer 6

enhancing human development
honoring diversity
practicing competently and ethically

Question 7

ethics

Answer 7

a discipline within philosophy that is concerned with human conduct and moral decision making
conduct judged as good or right for counselors as a professional group
created by members of the counseling profession and interpreted/enforced by ethics committees and licensure boards

Question 8

law

Answer 8

agreed-upon rules of a society that set forth the basic principles for living together as a group
can be general or specific
created by elected officials, enforced by police, and interpreted by judges

Question 9

best practice

Answer 9

professionalism in counseling
the very best a counselor could be expected to do

Question 10

model for professional practice

Answer 10

1.intentionality: fundamental element/base
2. principles and virtues
3. knowledge of ethical, legal, and professional standards
4. self-awareness
5. the courage of your convictions

Question 11

basic moral principles

Answer 11

respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity, and veracity

Question 12

slippery slope phenomenon

Answer 12

describes what happens when one begins to compromise ones principles

Question 13

external forces of model of professional practice

Answer 13

consulting with colleagues, seeking supervision, and increasing your knowledge and skills

Question 14

ethical absolutism

Answer 14

believe that there are some absolute moral standards that are universally applicable
a priori (before a situation arises)
must prevail in all circumstances and not dependent on persons belief

Question 15

ethical relativists

Answer 15

do not believe that any absolute moral standards exist that can be universally applied
personal beliefs considered

Question 16

opposing philosophical views

Answer 16

ethic absolutisms vs ethic relativism
utilitarianism vs deontology
egoism vs altruism

Question 17

utilitarianism

Answer 17

people should choose that act that will do the greatest food the greatest number of people
evaluated by its consequences

Question 18

deontology

Answer 18

an action is justified by its being inherently right, not by it consequences

Question 19

egoism

Answer 19

used to describe actions taken out of self-interest

Question 20

altruism

Answer 20

describes actions taken to benefit others

Question 21

virtue ethics

Answer 21

aristotle
explores the question of what character traits from the basis for right action
focuses on individuals

Question 22

relational ethics (ethic of care)

Answer 22

based on the recognition that human beings exist in relationship and connection with one another
believes that ethics exist in a world if relationships in which the awareness of connection among people gives rise to a recognition that we are responsible for each other

Question 23

principle ethics

Answer 23

have their foundation in moral principles
prima facie obligations (always considered in ethical decision making)

Question 24

virtue ethics

Answer 24

basic assumption is that professional ethics involve more than moral actions; also involve traits of character or virtue
focuses on actor rather than action

Question 25

virtue ethics examples

Answer 25

integrity
discernment
acceptance of emotion
self-awareness
interdependence with the community

Question 26

purposes of the code of ethics

Answer 26

educate members of the profession and consumers
ensures accountability
protect the profession from government
promote stability within the profession
serve as a catalyst to improving practice

Question 27

mandatory ethics

Answer 27

minimal standards of ethics practiced by counselors

Question 28

aspirational ethics (positive ethics)

Answer 28

the highest standards of conduct to which counselors can aspire

Question 29

ethical decision making model

Answer 29

identify and define the problem
involve your client in the decision making process
review relevant codes of ethics and the professional literature
consider the principles and virtues
tune in to your feelings
consult with colleagues or experts
consider the context
identify desired outcomes and consider possible actions to achieve the outcomes
choose and act on your choice

Question 30

tests to do when resolving an ethical dilemma

Answer 30

test of justice (would you treat others the same in this situation)
test of universality: (willing to recommend action to others)
test of publicity: (are you okay with your actions being public)
reversibility test (if shoes were switched)
mentor test

Question 31

moral traces

Answer 31

lingering feelings of doubt, discomfort, or uncertainty that counselors may experience after they have resolved an ethical dilemma

Question 32

tort law

Answer 32

relates to the principle that individuals will be held responsible for any harm they cause to other members of society

Question 33

simple test to determine whether there is a legal issue involved in your situation

Answer 33

legal proceedings of some type have been initiated
lawyers are on the scene in some capacity
you are vulnerable to having a complaint filed against you for misconduct