Ch. 1 Flashcards
Linguistics
The study of language
Sociolinguistics
Describes language variations based on social and cultural variables
Developmental Linguistics
Describes nature of emerging language in ch’s language acquisitions (what ch should be doing at what age)
Communication
Exchange of info, ideas, needs and desires between two or more indiv.
Communicative Competence
The degree to which the speaker is successful in communicating appropriately and effectively
Communication is…
collaborative, systematic, speech and language
Proxemics
Space, Personal space (can vary between culture)
4 Paralinguistic Cues are…
Pauses, Speed, Intonation (pitch), Stress/emphasis
6 Nonlinguistic Cues are…
Facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, head and body movement, Posture, Proxemics
What is language…
Language is a system of symbols/words used to represent concepts formed through exposure and experiences
Derivational Morphemes
prefixes, suffixes, change whole classes of words
Inflectional Morphemes
Changes the state or increases the precision of the free morpheme
Free morpheme
prefix or the suffix
Bound Morpheme
The word itself
Semantics
Person’s autobiographical and experiential understanding and memory of particular events
Speech
Verbal means of communicating
3 Properties of Language
social tool, it is generative, rule-governed system with underlying rules or patterns that occur repeatedly
Syntax
-Form or structure of a sentence
-Refers especially to word order
-Each sentence needs a noun phrase and a verb phrase
Pragmatics
-Rules that govern conversational interactions
-Social rules of language
-How we use language to achieve our communication goals
Phonology
Aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the structure, distribution and sequencing of SPEECH SOUNDS and the shape of syllables
Morphology
-Concerned with the INTERNAL ORGANIZATIONof words
What is phonetic Alphabet? (IPA)
The international phonetic alphabet (IPA) is a unique alphabet design to represent the sounds of words of a language, not the spelling of words.
What is the difference between phonetics and phonology?
Phonetics is the study of the production and perception of speech sounds and phonology is the organization of speech sounds
Dialect
A language rule system spoken by and identifiable group of people that varies from the ideal language standard
