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Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are nurses in relation to healthcare

A

The backbone of healthcare

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2
Q

Why must a health history be complete and accurate

A

For decision making in an accurate nursing diagnosis

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3
Q

What is the American nurses association (ANA) and what does it promote? What does it give and guide

A

A professional nursing organization that promotes:

  • optimal function
  • wellness of body, mind, spirit

The American nurses association gives and guides nursing goals

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4
Q

What are the four broad nursing goals

A

-To promote health
(through teaching)

  • to prevent illness and injury
    (through teaching)
  • to treat human responses to health or illness
    Holistically

-to advocate for individuals, families, communities, populations
Nurses aka guardians of health

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5
Q

What is known as advocating for underserved populations to decrease disparities

A

Known as promoting social justice

(ensuring equal treatment for all)

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6
Q

Define social justice

A

Ensuring equal treatment for all

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7
Q

What are 3 roles of nurses for protection

what three areas do they protect and take responsibility of

A
  1. Ethical (patient)
  2. Legal
  3. Safety
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8
Q

List the legal responsibilities a nurse must protect from

A
  • Assault (threat)
  • Battery (laying hands)
  • Defamation
  • Negligence
  • Malpractice
  • Breach of confidentiality (HIPPA)

 -False imprisonment (restraining for convenience)

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9
Q

What does a scope and standards of practice and code of ethics for nurses address

A

It addresses nursing values “behavior”



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10
Q

Give the nursing values in the code of ethics and briefly describe

(5)

A

Altruism
: concerned for welfare of othersHuman dignity
: showing respect ensuring privacy and confidenceAutonomy
: right to make decisionsIntegrity
: always providing honest infoSocial justice
: equal treatment for all

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11
Q

Define altruism as a nursing value

A

Concern for welfare of others

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12
Q

Define human dignity as a nursing value

A

Showing respect and ensuring privacy and confidence

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13
Q

Define autonomy as a nursing value

A

The right to make decisions

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14
Q

Define integrity as a nursing value

A

Always providing honest information

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15
Q

Define social justice as a nursing value

A

Equal treatment for all

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16
Q

Give the different types of nursing interventions (4) and a description of each

A
  1. Dependent nursing interventions
    • requires doctors orders
  2. Independent nursing interventions
    -done alone
    • teachings, vitals, monitoring
  3. Collaborative interventions
    • help from others
      • ambulating , turning
  4. Inter-dependent interventions
    • progression of treatment
      • clear to bland diet
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17
Q

What are care responsibilities of a nurse for a patient

A

Patient teachings, therapeutic communication, and physical procedures

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18
Q

Define what it means to be a member of the profession

A

To be a lifelong learner and continuing education

Being an advocate for your patient and profession and upholding values ( altruism, human dignity, autonomy, integrity, social justice)

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19
Q

Who is considered a professional nurse

A

A nurse with a bachelors in the science of nursing

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20
Q

What are unique things that advanced practice nurse may do within their scope of practice for patients

A

Advanced practice registered nurses may prescribe and write orders some can even work independently

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21
Q

Give the verbatim definition of health assessment

A

Gathering information about the health status of the patient, analyzing and synthesizing those data, making judgments about nursing interventions based on the findings and evaluating patient care outcomes

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22
Q

What is complete and accurate data in relation to patient outcomes

A

Complete and accurate data = accurate diagnosis= Wanted outcomes

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23
Q

Give the two components of health assessment (equation)

A

Health assessment = health history (interview) + physical assessment

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24
Q

What are other components of a health assessment that are not commonly described

A

Psychological, socio cultural, spiritual, economic, lifestyle

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25
How does the nursing process begin
With a complete and accurate health assessment
26
What is wellness oriented towards
Maximizing the potential function of ADL
27
Define Healthy People*
A National model for health promotion, risk reduction that aims to increase length and quality of life and eliminating Health disparities
28
How often are healthy people goals reevaluated and revised
Every 10 years
29
Give the healthy people 20 2010 goals
``` Physical activity Overweight/obesity Tobacco use Substance abuse Responsible sexual behavior Mental health Injury and violence Environmental quality Immunization Access to healthcare ```
30
What are outcomes associated with in the nursing process
Outcomes are associated with teachings
31
What is primary prevention And examples
Primary prevention is preventing and educating - immunizations - Health teachings - Safety
32
What is secondary prevention and examples
SS secondary = screenings for early diagnosis and treatment - mammo/ Pap smears/ colonoscopy - vision/hearing/scoliosis - TB
33
What is tertiary prevention and examples
Tertiary is preventing complications of disease and promoting highest level of health - diet teachings - Exercise - Administration of pain medications*
34
ADPIE: A Give all related info
Assessment: collect data S: says ( subjective) O: observe (Objective ``` Prioritize ABC/CAB Maslow‘s Acute v chronic Actual (now) v potential (risk) ``` P-roblem E- tology (R/T) S- S&s (AEB)
35
ADPIE: D Give all related info
Diagnosis : data clustering NANDA P-roblem E- tology (R/T) >actual S- S&s (AEB) E- tology (R/T) > potential S- S&s (AEB)
36
ADPIE: P Give all related info
PLANNING Long term/ short term ``` S- pacific M-easurable (#) A- attainable R- esult oriented T- ime framed (time and date) ```
37
ADPIE: I
Implementation/intervention: treatment Collaborative -dependent -independent
38
ADPIE: E
Evaluation Met/ unmet/ partially met After evaluation go back to planning
39
Define ADPIE (book definition)
A scientistic systematic problem solving approach
40
Is ADPIE linear
No, it’s overlaps
41
Define critical thinking
Critical thinking= clinical reasoning/ clinical judgement : that ability to understand and act on what you know about the nursing content
42
Define diagnostic reasoning
Proposing a diagnosis Gathering and clustering data to draw interference and propose diagnosis
43
Give the 7 step process of diagnostic reasoning
1. id ab/norm +strengths and weaknesses 2. Cluster data 3. draw inferences 4. propose nursing diagnosis 5. check for defining characteristics 6. Confirm and rule out nursing diagnosis 7. Document
44
Describe and Give requirements for emergency assessment Is there anything done simultaneously? What is it based on?
Done in life-threatening and unstable situations - perform intervention simultaneously in emergency assessment Based on A, B, C, D, E
45
give meanings of ABCDE
A-irway (protects C spine) B- reathing (rate/ depth) C- irculation (rate/ rhythm, color) D - isability (loc) E - exposure
46
Describe and Give requirements for comprehensive assessment When is A comprehensive Assessment usually done in the hospital and long term care facility
Comprehensive = head to toe A complete health history and physical assessment During admission In hospitals in long-term care settings
47
Describe and Give requirements for focused assessment
FOCUSED = SPECIFIC A focused assessment is smaller in scope but assess body systems SPECIFIC to signs and symptoms
48
What is the most important skill in nursing based on critical thinking and clinical reasoning
Priority setting
49
What situation is of the upmost priority and what do you use to prioritize pt care during the situation
Life-threatening situations are top priority, look at what will save lives Based on ABC DE & CAB
50
What is acuity, what is high acuity and what is low acuity
Acuity is level of severity of illness High acuity is very severe Low acuity is moderately severe
51
What determines the frequency of assessment
Mainly pt need but it varies based on the standard of care by the facility (how often they choose)
52
How often do you do a comprehensive assessment in a long-term care facility (I.e. nursing home) v icu
Once a month V Q shift
53
How often do you do it focused assessment post treatment
About 30 minutes after meds
54
When are times in life when will visit assessments are most frequently done (2 answers)
Birth -10: for g&d | 65+: for treatment of illnesses
55
Why is it important to know normal development V delayed development
To identify if development is appropriate for age
56
What are cultural considerations for those of the same culture
Traits that a group of people share where they learn how to be healthy and how to be ill I.E: Hispanics have home remedies when ill
57
What is cultural competence
Cultural competence is having cultural sensitivity considering the total context of a patient situation across cultural boundaries
58
How do I use cultural competence in healthcare to deliver care
We assess how their culture affects the care we can give and the patient’s health as well as treating the patient to what they practice
59
What is Stereotyping and how do you avoid it?
Stereotyping is assuming of cultures and to avoid it you should ask your patient directly what their culture is and what they practice
60
When giving a Health Assessment with another person in the room what should you as a nurse do to maintain confidentiality
Obtain patient permission for others to be present by asking “ is it OK for them to be here for the assessment”
61
During a health assessment who do you get subjective data from and what is it used to to build between the pt and the nurse How do you document subjective data
You get subjective data from the patient (primary source) and it’s used to build rapport and a relationship Use quotation marks
62
Give an example of objective data
Vital signs, anything observable visually
63
When documenting what are DONTS | When documenting what are DOs
Don’t use white out Don’t erase Do correct mistakes by drawing 1 line and putting initials
64
When documenting using SBAR what does it stand for
Situation (why) Background (circumstance) Assessment (subj/obj) Recommendation suggestion
65
Name the three major frameworks for health assessment
1. functional assessment - ADL and functional patterns 2. head to toe assessment - comprehensive - most organized* 3.body systems approach - promotes critical thinking -clusters similar data together 
66
What does evidence-based Practice rely on
Research findings and scientific support

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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