cestodes

Question 1

taxonomy

Answer 1

kingdom-Animalia class-cestoda order-pseudophylidea,cyclophylidea family-diphylobothridae

Question 2

Diphylobothrium latum(fish tapeworm)

Answer 2

genus-diphylobothrium

Question 3

mode of transmission

Answer 3

ingestion of uncooked or undercooked fish

Question 4

life cycle

Answer 4

unembroynated eggs released from feces-mature into oncospheres-coracidia-injested by copepod -matures inside copepod to form procercoid larva-copepod is injested by fresh water fish -inside fish procercoid matures into plerocercoid or sparganum -plerocercoid larva is injested by humans and settles and matures into adults in the small intestines -produce eggs and released in feces.

Question 5

facts

Answer 5

adults of D.latum attach to the intestines by bothria. They consist of proglotids -contain eggs

Question 6

unique clinical manifestation

Answer 6

pernicious anemia because they feed on vit B12 inflammation of bile and gall bladder

Question 7

features of proglotids

Answer 7

rossete shaped uterus at the center eggs are oval

Question 8

sperganosis

Answer 8

when humans ingest the copepod during swimming.

Question 9

Echinococcus granulosus(dog tapeworm)

Answer 9

embryonated eggs are released from dog feces-goats and sheep accidentaly ingest the eggs during grazing-oncospheres are released -penetrate into the circulation -get to the liver and lungs and encyst-dogs ingest organs containing cysts which mature amd produce eggs that are relased in feces.

Question 10

Hydatid cysts

Answer 10

humans accidentaly ingest the eggs -oncospheres are released -penetrate into the circulatory system and encyst in organs causing hydatidosis

Question 11

clinical manifestations

Answer 11

cough,shortness of breath,anaphylactic shock,obstruction,fatigue

Question 12

Taenia solium(pig tapeworm)

Answer 12

causes-cysticircosis and taeniasis

Question 13

clinical manifestation of cysticercosis

Answer 13

muscle spasms,dizziness and headache,blurry vision if cysticerci travel to eyes

Question 14

Autoinfection is common woth T.solium.2 ways

Answer 14

1.Before the proglotids are realesed,they dissolve into the system and eggs are released. 2.retroperistalsis-direction of stool is reversed and the proglotids get back into the stomach.

Question 15

T.saginata(beef tapeworm)

Answer 15

definitive hosts-cows

Question 16

life cycle

Answer 16

eggs are released by humans in feces-cows ingest the eggs -mature into oncospheres in the small intestines-penetrate intoi blood and migrate to muscle where they encyst and form cysticerci-humans eat undercooked beef -cysts enter small intestines and exyst -mature into adults produce eggs which are released.