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Parasitology > Cestodes > Flashcards

Cestodes Flashcards

1
Q

What characterizes immature, mature, and gravid proglottids?

A

Immature- no functional reproductive organs

Mature- functional male and female reproductive organs

Gravid- contains eggs

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2
Q

What is the attachment organ that Cyclophyllideans have? How could it be used to identify the tapeworm?

A

Scolex.

There may or may not be hooks present on the rostrum.

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3
Q

What characterizes the proglottids of Cyclophyllideans?

A

1 or 2 sets of reproductive organs

lateral genital pore

NO uterine pore

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4
Q

Why can Cyclophyllidean infections be difficult to diagnose?

A

Eggs are shed in proglottids and may not appear on a fecal unless the proglottid is broken up

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5
Q

Which metacestode type has a single scolex which is not invaginated? Is it usually found in a vertebrate or invertebrate IH?

A

cysticercoid

invertebrate

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6
Q

What is a common feature of all Cyclophyllidean larvae?

A

They are all hexacanth- have six hooks that are visible under a microscope

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7
Q

Which metacestode stage has a single invaginated scolex? Is it usually found in a vertebrate or invertebrate IH?

A

cysticercus

vertebrate

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8
Q

Which metacestode type has multiple invaginated scolices? Is it usually found in a vertebrate or invertebrate IH?

A

coenurus

vertebrate

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9
Q

Which metacestode type is a brood capsule with many protoscolices? Can it be surgically removed?

A

hyatid cyst

unilocular hyatid cysts have a thick wall around them and can be removed in most circumstances

multilocular hyatid cysts have no thick wall and cannot be removed

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10
Q

What is the attachment organ that Pseudophyllideans have?

A

bothria

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11
Q

What characterizes the proglottids of Pseudophyllideans?

A

1 set of reproductive organs

central or lateral genital pore

Has uterine pore

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12
Q

Pseudophyllidean eggs look like the eggs of which other parasitic group? What is the main difference?

A

look like fluke eggs- have an operculum

less dense than fluke eggs and float

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13
Q

How are tapeworms diagnosed?

A

fecal flotation

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14
Q

What are the hosts of Dipylidium caninum? Where are they found in the definitive host?

A

Definitive- dogs, cats, humans

found in the small intestine

Intermediate- fleas and the dog louse

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15
Q

Which metacestode stage is in the life cycle of D. caninum?

A

cysticercoid

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16
Q

What is the infective stage of D. caninum? How is it transmitted?

A

Transmission occurs when the definitive host ingests a flea or louse that contains the infective stage, ther cysticercoid

17
Q

What are the signs of D. caninum infection?

A

Heavy infections can cause constipation, diarrhea, or a pot-bellied appearance

18
Q

What are the hosts of Anoplocephala perfoliata? Where are they found in the definitive host?

A

Definitive- horses

found in the small and large intestine but they like the ileocecal valve

Intermediate- mites

19
Q

What is the metacestode stage found in the lifecycle of A. perfoliata?

A

cysticercoid

20
Q

What are the signs of A. perfoliata? What are the sigs of a chronic infection?

A

Ulcerated lesions and mucosal degeneration at attachment site

predisposes to intussusception (+colic?)

chronic- ill thrift, recurring diarrhea, weight loss

21
Q

How is A. perfoliata diagnosed?

A

Fecal floation using sugar solution- difficult, eggs shed sporadically

Indirect or serological ELISA

Necropsy

22
Q

What are the hosts of Taenia pisiformis? Where are they found in the definitive and intermediate hosts?

A

Definitive- dogs, foxes

found in the small intestine

Intermediate- rabbits and hares

found in the peritoneal cavitiy, usally attached to abdominal organs

23
Q

What is the metacestode stage of T. pisiformis?

A

cysticerus

24
Q

How is T. pisiformis diagnosed?

A

fecal floatation

25
Q

What is the infective stage of T. pisiformis? How is it transmitted?

A

The definitive host ingests the metacestode stage in the raw meat of the intermediate host

26
Q

What are the hosts of Spirometra mansonoides? Where are they found in the definitive and 2nd intermediate hosts?

A

Definitive- felids and canids

found in the small intestine

Intermediate- 1st- copepod

2nd- usually frog, rat, or snake; humans possible

found in muscle

27
Q

How is S. mansonoides transmitted from the 1st IH to the 2nd IH?

A

2nd IH ingests 1st IH with procercoid

28
Q

How is S. mansonoides transmitted from the 2nd IH to the definitive host?

A

DH ingests the plerocercoid in the 2nd IH’s muscle

29
Q

What are the signs of S. mansonoides infection? What about in humans?

A

Usually asymptomatic, can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss

Can encyst in the eye of humans rather than skeletal muscle

30
Q

How is S. mansonoides diagnosed?

A

Fecal examination

Adults can be recovered in vomit or feces

Parasitology (5 decks)

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