cestode Flashcards
1
Q
Three (3) distinct features seen in adult tapeworms
A
Scolex
Neck region
Proglottids
2
Q
An organ for attachment
A
Scolex
3
Q
region for growth.
A
Neck
4
Q
Divided into several segments. Each
segment consists of male and female
reproductive organs.
A
Proglottids
5
Q
Also known as the fake tapeworm
A
Pseudophyllidean
6
Q
Also known as true tapeworm.
A
Cyclophyllidean
7
Q
Scolex of Pseudophyllidean
A
Almond shape/spoon/spatula shape with sucking grooves
8
Q
Scolex of Cyclophyllidean
A
Quadrate shape; possess 4 cup like suckers
9
Q
Proglottid of Cyclophyllidean
A
Apolytic → no uterine pore
10
Q
Proglottid of Pseudophyllidean
A
Anapolytic → they contain uterine pore
11
Q
What organ appears in Gravid proglottid in Cyclophyllidean
A
only uterus
12
Q
egg shape of Cyclophyllidean
A
Apherical in shape; non operculated
13
Q
egg shape of Pseudophyllidean
A
Ovoidal shape; operculated
14
Q
Gravid proglottid of Pseudophyllidean
A
All reproductive organs are
intact
15
Q
Diphyllobothrium latum commonly known as
A
fish tapeworm infection;
broad tapeworm infection
16
Q
Site in host of D. latum
A
small intestine
17
Q
Portal of entry of D. latum
A
mouth
18
Q
Definitive host of D. latum
A
human, dog, cat
19
Q
1st Intermediate host of D. latum
A
crustaceans (Cyclops or
Diaptomus)
20
Q
2nd Intermediate host of D. latum
A
freshwater fish (carp,
salmon)
21
Q
Infective stage of D. latum
A
plerocercoid larvae
22
Q
Sources of infection of D. latum
A
plerocercoid in freshwater fish
23
Q
Lab Dx of D. latum
A
eggs in stool
24
Q
size of Proglottids of D. latum
A
size 2 to 4
mm long by 10 to 12 mm wide
25
pregnant form of proglottid
gravid proglottid
26
provide higher degree of attachment
rostellum
27
developmental stage of D. latum
L1 - coracidium larva
L2 - procercoid larva
L3 - plerocercoid larvae L4
28
Vitamin B12 deficiency can be mistaken as
pernicious anemia
29
Diagnostic findings
microscopic examination or DFS
30
Treatment for d. latum
praziquantel
niclosamide
31
accidental host of Sparganum mansoni
man
32
final host of Sparganum mansoni
Frogs, snakes
33
1st IH of Sparganum mansoni:
cyclops
34
2nd IH of Sparganum mansoni:
Fresh water fish
35
habitat of Sparganum mansoni
skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle
36
Infective stage of Sparganum mansoni
procercoid/plerocercoid larva
37
Diagnostic stage of Sparganum mansoni
plerocercoid larva
38
MOT of S. mansoni
ingestion of cyclop
39
Clinical Manifestation of S. mansoni
→ Localized inflammation
→ Cerebral/Ocular sparganosis
→ Nodule formation in vital organs
→ Toxemia
eyes, CNS (brain)
40
Diagnosis for s. mansoni
1. Muscle/ tissue biopsy
2. X-ray, CT scan, MRI
41
clinical name of taenia saginata
taeniasis
42
common name of taenia saginata
beef tapeworm
43
habitat of taenia saginata
duodenum
44
infective stage of saginata
cysticercus bovis larva
45
diagnostic stage of saginata
ova in stool / gravid segmented
46
Final host/definitive host of saginata
man
47
Intermediate host of saginata
cow, cattle or carabao
48
developmental/ lifecycle of saginata
L1 - oncosphere larva
L2 - cysticercus larva
adult form
49
diagnosis for saginata
- ova in stool
- gravid segment using Rapid slide test
- scotch tape swab
50
Taenia solium common name
pork tapeworm
51
intermediate host of solium
pig, -human
52
infective stage of solium
cysticercus cellulosae
53
Sources of infection of solium
cysts in pork; autoinfection
54
Unarmed scolex
T. saginata
55
Armed scolex
T. solium
56
Symptoms of solium
1. Patient exhibit voracious appetite
2. Vague abdominal pain
3. Muscle pain and atrophy
4. Hysteria
5. Blurring and loss of vision
6. Tachycardia
57
The only human tapeworm which can complete its
entire life cycle in a single host which means it does
not require an obligatory intermediate host
Hymenolepis nana
58
* Smallest tapeworm of man
Hymenolepis nana
59
Common name of Hymenolepis nana
dwarf tapeworm
60
Infective stage of Hymenolepis nana
embryonated ova, cysticercoid
larva
61
Diagnostic stage of Hymenolepis nana
ova in stool
62
MOT of hymenolepsis nana
ingestion of ova or larva
63
Final host of H. nana
man, rats
64
Intermediate host og H. nana
fleas (Ctenocephalides sp.)
or flour beetles (Tenebrio sp.)
65
Infective stage is cysticercoid larva
indirect cycle
66
Infection is via the accidental ingestion of
infected arthropod intermediate host such
as rice or flour beetles and sometimes
through fomites, water or food
contaminated with the larva
indirect cyle
67
has 4 suckers and no hooks
taenia saginata
68
has 4 suckers in addition to a double row of hooks
taenia solium
69
Diagnostic stage for D. latum
unembryonated eggs
70
Involvement of intermediate host (H. nana)
Indirect cycle
71
No involvement of Intermediate host (H. nana)
direct cycle
72
Life cycle of solium
L1 - oncosphere larva
L2 - cysticercus larva
adult form
73
taeniid eggs
rounded or subspherical ; thick radially striated brown shell
74
what is inside the shell of taenia eggs
embryonated oncospehere with 6 hooks (3 pairs)
75
Lab diagnosis of solium
segments and eggs in stool;
Scotch tape swab
76
habitat of Hymenolepis nana
upper ileum
77
Infective stage is ova for H. nana
direct cycle
78
the liberated embryo
penetrates the mucosal villi and develop into
infective cysticercoid larva and soon
develops into an adult form
direct cycle
79
S/s of H. nana
Anorexia
Anal pruritis
Vomiting
80
Dx of H. nana
Ova in stool
81
Tx for H. nana
Praziquantel
82
Scolex has rudimentary unarmed rostellum
Hymenolepis diminuta
83
clinical name for Hymenolepis diminuta
Hymenolepiasis
84
common name for Hymenolepis diminuta
rat tapeworm
infection
85
Definitive host for H. diminuta
human, mice & rats
86
Intermediate host for H. diminuta
rat & mouse flea,
the flour moth and flour beetle
87
Infective stage for H. diminuta
cysticercus larva
88
has bipolar thickenings but lacks the bipolar
filaments
Hymenolepis diminuta
89
bipolar thickening and bipolar filaments
Hymenolepis nana
90
Sources of infection of H. diminuta
cysts from insects
91
striated outer membrane
and a thin inner membrane. The space between the
membranes is smooth or faintly granular. The oncosphere
has six hooks.
H. diminuta
92
cestode of rodents
infrequently seen in humans and frequently found
in rodents
H. diminuta
93
Dx for H. diminuta
Microscopic examination of stool → eggs
94
Tx for Hymenolepis
Praziquantel
95
A very common intestinal parasite of dogs and cats
worldwide
Dipylidium caninum
96
Clinical name for Dipylidium caninum
Dipylidiasis
97
Common name for Dipylidium caninum
dog tapeworm infection ; Double pore
tapeworm
98
DH of Dipylidium caninum
dog, cat or human
99
IH of Dipylidium caninum
larval flea
100
Sources of infection of Dipylidium caninum
flea & louse
101
Dx for Dipylidium caninum
eggs in stool or egg packets in stool,
proglottids
102
round to ovoid and contain 5 to 15 eggs each
egg packets of Dipylidium caninum
103
Proglottids of D. caninum
barrel-shaped proglottids
104
Proglottids are narrow with two sets of male and
female reproductive organs and bilateral genital
pores
Dipylidium caninum
105
No hook but has spine
Dipylidium caninum
106
Life cycle of Dipylidium caninum
- egg packets
- cysticercoid
107
Emerging or re-emerging zoonotic disease
Echinococcus granulosis
108
Shortest of all tapeworms
Echinococcus granulosis
109
Scientific name of Echinococcus granulosis
echinococcosis
110
Habitat of Echinococcus granulosis
small intestine of dogs
111
Intermediate host of Echinococcus granulosis
sheep, goat, cat
112
Infective stage to dogs
hydatid cyst
113
Diagnostic stage of Echinococcus granulosis
hydatid cyst containing hydatid
sand
114
infective stage to man
ova
115
Most important site of involvement of Echinococcus granulosis
o Liver
o Lungs
o Brain
116
Dx for Echinococcus granulosis
1. Radiological examination
2. Hydatid drill
3. Exploratory puncture
4. Casoni’s test
5. Serological tests
117
Tx for Echinococcus granulosis
Surgical removal of the cyst - preferred tx
PAIR Treatment
