Cervical Spine

Question 1

Foraminal Compression Test

Answer 1

+ Exacerbation of localized cervical pain.
IND: Foraminal enchroachment or facet pathology without nerve root compression

+ Exacerbation of cervical pain with a Redicular component.
IND: Foraminal encroachment or facet pathology with nerve root compression.

Question 2

Cervical Distraction Test

Answer 2

+ Diminished or Absence of Localized patin
IND: Foraminal encroachment
+ Diminished or decrease of Redicular pain
IND: Nerve Root Compression
+ Increase in cervical pain
IND: Muscle Strain, ligamentous sprain, myospasm, and facet capsulitis.

Question 3

Spinal Percussion Test

Answer 3

+Local Pain
IND: Possible fractured Vertebrae, Ligamentous involvement( spinous pain) Muscular involvement( muscular pain).
+ Radiating pain
IND: Possible Disc pathology

Question 4

Shoulder Depression Test

Answer 4

+ Localized pain on the same side being tested
IND: Dural Sleeve adhesion, Muscular adhesion/ contracture or spasm or ligamentous injury.
+ Radiating pain on the same side being tested.
IND: Neurovascular bundle compression, Dural Sleeve adhesion, Thoracic Outlet syndrome.
+ Redicular pain on the oppsite side being tested.
IND: Foraminal encroachment with nerve root compression.

Question 5

Valsalva

Answer 5

+ Radiating pain from the site of lesion( Recreating the patients initial complaint in the cervical and lumbar area of the spine.
IND: Space occupying lesion( E.G Disc Pathology)

Question 6

Swallowing Test:

Answer 6

+ Difficulty Swallowing
IND: Space occupying lesion from the anterior portion of the spine, Anterior disc defect. Possibly esophygeal or pharyngeal injury, myospasm osteophytes, etc.

Question 7

Soto- Hall

Answer 7

+ Generalized pain in the cervical regionthat may extend down to the level of T2.
IND: Non- Specific test for structural integrity of the cervical spine.

Question 8

Kerning Sign

Answer 8

+ Inability to perform the test, or the patient has pain, usually in the neck region.
IND: Meningeal irritation/ meningitis.

Question 9

O’Donoghue Maneuver

Answer 9

+ Pain during Passive Range of Motion
IND: Ligamentous Sprain: Passive ROM stresses the ligaments.
+ Pain during resisted range of motion.
IND: Muscular strain( Active range of motion stresses the muscles and tendons.