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Spine - Exam 1 > Cervical Spine (1) > Flashcards

Cervical Spine (1) Flashcards

1
Q

FHP evaluation

A

look down and then look up

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2
Q

what is FHP

A

flexed lower cervical

extended upper cervical

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3
Q

muscles –> FHP

A

SCM is tight

deep cervical flexors are weak

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4
Q

upper c spine

A

occiput on atlas

C1/C2 together

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5
Q

mid/lower C spine

A

C3-7

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6
Q

mechanics of mid/lower c spine

A

type 2

SB and rotation in the same direction

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7
Q

atlanto occipital joint

A

C0 & C1

occipital condyles (convex) and atlas (concave)

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8
Q

atlanto axial

A

C1 & 2

2 symmetrical lateral articulations (convex on concave)

dens w/ anterior arch and transverse ligament attaches the 2

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9
Q

upper cervical includes

A

OA articulation

AA articulaltion

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10
Q

what mostly occurs at OA

A

flexion and extension

slight SB and rotation

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11
Q

coupling –> OA

A

always opposite

chin tuck rolls forward, slides backwards

extend rolls back and slides forward

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12
Q

OA mechanics

A

type 1

SB and rotation are opposite

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13
Q

AA articulation is responsible for

A

50% of C/S rotation

90 degrees total

45 degrees to the right and 45 degrees to the left

slight flexion and extension

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14
Q

how do we fully glide the R condyle posterior –> AA

A

flexion (move them posteriorly)

right rotation (right occipital condyle slides right)

SB to the left (type 1 mechanics)

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15
Q

active motion of head on the neck

A

FOES

flexion opposite, extension same

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16
Q

flexion of the head

A

chin is going to deviate opposite to the side that is stiff (posteriorly)

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17
Q

left posterior capsule restriction

A

chin deviates to the right

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18
Q

how do we treat a capsular restriction

A

flexion –> posterior capsule

extension -> anterior capsule

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19
Q

flexion –> head movement

A

posterior capsule gets stretched and checks this motion

tight posterior capsule will stops condyle

rotation would be opposite the dysfxnal site

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20
Q

extension –> head movement

A

anterior capsule stretches and checks this motion

tight anterior capsule stops condyle

rotation would be towards the dysfxnal site

21
Q

AA joint is…

22
Q

C2 on C3-7 on T1

A

actually down to T3

interbody joints

facet joints oblique coronal plane

only type 2 mechanics

23
Q

interbody joints –> C2 on C3-7 on T1

A

intervertebral disc

pairs unconvertable of von lushka

24
Q

only type 2 mechanics –> C2 on C3-7 on T1

A

rotation and SB always coupled to same side

25
degenerative process includes
dysfxn hypermobile stabilization
26
dysfxn age
age 15-45
27
is dysfxn reversible
yes
28
dysfxn is a
minor pathology
29
dysfxn includes
disc annular tears facets cervical discs
30
disc --> dysfxn
abnormal fxn posterior WBing
31
facets --> dysfxn
synovitis joint effusion eventually stretches capsule
32
cervical discs may be.. --> dysfxn
less symptomatic than lumbar nucleus pulpous has more collagen and fibrous tissue/horizontal fissuring
33
nucleus pulpous has more collagen and fibrous tissue/horizontal fissuring --> dysfxn
uncovertebral and facet orientation
34
uncovertebral and facet orientation --> dysfxn
tectorial membrane posterior longitudinal ligament
35
tectorial membrane --> dysfxn
thicker/stronger in the C/S and narrower in the L/S leaving posterolateral disc vulnerable
36
what does cervical have --> dysfxn
more degenerative changes less herniated discs
37
hypermobile age
35-70
38
stabilization age
> 60
39
what does stabilization include
bone formation stenosis
40
bone formation --> stabilization
subperiosteal along ligaments and capsule traction spurs and osteophytes
41
what happens if you have hypermobility of a joint
not uncommon to have hypomobility above and below
42
in lumbar spine...
damage/stretching occurs b/c of lack of attenuation BW forces coming down and comping up --> compress the disc
43
causes of degeneration
normal tissue biomechanics abnormal tissue biomechanics posture fxn facet health NM
44
normal biomechanics --> degeneration
abnormal forces
45
abnormal tissue mechanics --> degeneration
abnormal and normal forces
46
posture --> degeneration
prolonged positioning
47
fxn --> degeneration
excessive motion mal adaptive motion
48
facet health --> degeneration
hyper and hypomobile
49
NM --> degeneration
motor fxn

Spine - Exam 1 (7 decks)

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