Cervical Lymphadenopathy Flashcards
1
Q
What are the causes of acute cervical lymphadenitis?
A
Bilateral:
- usually caused by viral upper respiratory tract infection
- streptococcal pharyngitis
2
Q
What are the causes of unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy?
A
Unilateral:
- Staphylococcal infection
- mycobacterial (TB)
- metastatic
3
Q
What are the causes of bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy?
A
- viral respiratory infection
- cat scratch disease
- EBV
- streptococcal pharyngitis
- CMV
- HIV
- metastatic
4
Q
How is tuberculosis lymphadenitis treated?
A
- incision drainage
- evacuation of abscess
- anti tubercular Abx treatment
5
Q
What is cat scratch disease?
A
- usually occurs in children after a bite or a scratcg
- benign disease
- tender swollen, red lymph node
- unilateral
- 1- 3 weeks after inoculation
- splenomegaly
6
Q
When does cervical lymphadenopathy represent primary malignancy?
A
- Lymphoma (hodgkins and non hodgkins)
- lymphocytic leukemia
7
Q
What do metastatic lymph nodes feel like?
A
- hard / rubbery
- fixed to underlying tissues
- can be tender
8
Q
what is the pathology of tuberculosis lymphadentitis?
A
- chronic granulomatous inflammation of the lymph node with caseation necrosis
- caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis or bovis.
9
Q
what are the investigations for cervical lymphadenopathy?
A
- USS (shows lump consistency)—> cystic, solid, complex, vascular
- fine needle aspiration
- CXR - shows hilar lymphadenopathy / malignancy
- virology
- manoux test (for TB)
