CERVICAL CANCER Flashcards
CERVICAL CANCER
3RD MOST COMMON GYNECOLOGIC CANCER IN US
HUMAN PAPILOMA VIRUS DETECTED IN 99.7% CASES.
WHERE OCCURS THE CERVICAL CANCER
OCCURS IN THE SQUAMOCOLUMNAR JUNCTION
95% CANCERS ARISE IN THE TRANSFORMATION ZONE
EPITHELIUM ENDOCERVIX
COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
EPITHELIUM ECTOCERVIX
SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
RISK FACTOR OF CERVICAL CANCER
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION
IMMUNODEFICIENCY STATE
CIGARETTE SMOKING
SEXUAL INTERCOURSE AT A YOUNG AGE
MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS
High-risk HPV subtypes
16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52
LOW RISK HPV SUBTYPES
6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 70, 72.
FUNCTION ONCOGENE E6
E6 GENE > CODES FOR PROTEIN THAT INHIBITS P53 SUPPRESOR GENE
P53 PROTEIN CONTROLS CELL CYCLE G1 TO S PAHSE PROGRRESSION
INHIBITED P53–> UNCONTROLLED GROWTH
FUNCTION ONCOGENE E7
CODES FOR PROTEIN THAT INHIBITS RB SUPPRESSOR GENE (RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN)
RB PROTEIN INACTIVATES E2F TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR
INHIBITED RB –> E2F ACTIVATION –> UNCROTOLLED GROWTH
CERVICAL NEOPLASIA
PROGRESSES SLOWLY THROUGH STAGES TO CARCINOMA
CLASSIFIED AS CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA
CIN 1 - LOW GRADE LESION
OFTEN REGRESSES, NO ALWAYS TREATED
CIN 2 AND CIN 3 - HIGH GRADE LESIONS
HIGH RISK OF PROGRESSION
USUALLY REQUIRE TREATMENT
CERVICAL CARCINOMA
MOST COMMONLY SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA, 2ND MOST COMMON ADENOCARCINOMA (ENDOCERVIX ORIGIN)
ALMOST ALWAYS IN WOMEN WITH HPV INFECTION
USUALLY OCCURS IN 40 - 50 S
SYMPTOMS OF CERVICAL CARCINOMA
USUALLY ASYMPTOMATIC
MAY PRESENT AS VAGINL BLEEDING
POST COITAL BLEEDING
CAN INVADE LOCALLY BLADDER, RECTUM
DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL CARCINOMA
COLPOSCOPY
BIOPSY, USUALLY DONE AFTER ABNORMAL PAP SMEAR
PAP SMEAR
SECONDARY PREVENTION OF CERVICAL NEOPLASIA
SCREENING TEST FOR CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND CARCINOMA
USED TO DETECT KOILOCYTES WHAT IS EPITHELIAL CELL INFECTED BY HPV
LARGE, DARKENED NUCLEI
BEST AT DETECTING SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
