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Phlebotomy Theory > Certification > Flashcards

Certification Flashcards

1
Q

Pink

A

Spray coated EDTA

Whole blood hematology and blood bank

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2
Q

Serum sodium

A

136-144 mEq/L

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3
Q

Light blue tests

A

Coagulation- PT tests, Coumadin therapy, APTT, PTT, Heparin Therapy, Fibrinogen Degradation product, thrombin time, factor assays, and bleeding time.

  • Fill tube completely
  • Invert 3-4 times
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4
Q

What size syringe used when can’t use vacutainer?

A

10-20ml

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5
Q

Male RBC

A

4.32-5.72 trillion cells/L

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6
Q

BUN

A

7-20 mg/dL

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7
Q

Blood aldosterone levels are not affected by posture changes immediately before blood collection, but blood glucose levels are greatly affected by posture changes.

A

False

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8
Q

The additive and color associated with coagulation tests is?

A

Light blue sodium citrate

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9
Q

The bleeding time test assesses

A

Platelet plug formation in capillaries

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10
Q

Tan

A

EDTA(plastic). Used for lead.

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11
Q

Examples of possible means of “parenteral” transmission would exclude

A

Drinking water from a glass that is contaminated

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12
Q

ALT

A

SST hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes

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13
Q

A patient who is hospitalized is an

A

Inpatient

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14
Q

Lab test that is affected most if the patient is not fasting

A

Triglycerides

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15
Q

GHP

A

Hypertension, paper lipids is, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism
2 SST 1 Lav(CBC)

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16
Q

The hematology department performs tests that?

A

Identify abnormalities of the blood and blood forming tissues

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17
Q

Emotional stress can lead to a decrease in

A

Serum iron levels

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18
Q

Vitamin B12

A

SST B12 deficiency, altered mental state, memory loss, myocyitis, myalagia

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19
Q

TSH

A

SST Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism

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20
Q

Continuing education units are?

A

Proof of participation in workshops to upgrade knowledge.

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21
Q

Alcohol that has not dried prior to a skin puncture can cause hemolysis of blood cells

A

True

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22
Q

Orange or gray/yellow

A

Thrombin. STAT serum tests

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23
Q

Green tests

A

Plasma chemistry such as ammonia carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes, chromosome screenings

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24
Q

Blood bank is what tube?

A

Pink

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25
Q

Which of the following tests uses specimens collected in a light blue-topped collection tube?

A

PT and PTT

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26
Q

Tiger top/speckled tops contain what?

A

Thrombin for serum separation.

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27
Q

Why don’t we use needles smaller than 23 gauge?

A

Can hemolyze blood

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28
Q

Allergic to iodine

A

Use clorohexadine gluconate

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29
Q

Which additive prevents coagulation by binding calcium?

A

Potassium EDTA

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30
Q

Creatinine

A

.8-1.2 mg/dL

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31
Q

Which specimen collection tube is commonly used for hematology tests?

A

EDTA

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32
Q

Proper centrifuge operation

A

Balance specimens by placing tubes of equal volume and size opposite each other

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33
Q

5cc of blood =how many ml?

A

5ml

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34
Q

Pads to clean site

A

70% isopropyl alcohol

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35
Q

Plain red top

A

No additive. No inversion. Blood clots normally. Serum chem(glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, potassium, amylase, alkaline, phosphate, BUN, CK, liver enzymes), serology(RPR, mono spot, rheumatoid factor, ANA), and blood bank

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36
Q

Brain Natriuretic Peptide Test

A

Less than 100= normal

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37
Q

Cephalic vein

A

More difficult to find and has tendency to move, but often is only vein you can find on obese patients

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38
Q

Light green or green/gray plasma separation tubes

A

Lithium heparin and gel for plasma separation

Used for plasma tests in chemistry, STAT chem tests

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39
Q

T3 total

A

SST Alopecia, weight gain/loss, goiter, thyroiditis

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40
Q

Only one phlebotomist is on the night shift, orders are received for all of the following tests within minutes of one another, which tests has the greatest collection priority?

ASAP electrolytes in CCU
Stat CBC in labor and delivery
Timed blood cultures in ICU
STAT electrolytes in ER

A

STAT electrolytes

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41
Q

Granular WBC

A

Basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils

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42
Q

Arthritis Panel

A

2 SST 1 Lav(Sed rate)

Joint pain, swelling

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43
Q

BNP

A

Shortness of breath, congestive heart failure, anything cardio
Spin
Separate
Freeze

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44
Q

A prothrombin specimen must be collected from a patient with IV’s in both arms. The best place to collect the specimen is?

A

Below IV site

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45
Q

Antiglycolytic agent

A

Sodium Fluoride (grey)

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46
Q

OGTT

A

Oral glucose tolerance test-diagnose diabetes mellitus; evaluate patients with frequently low blood sugar

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47
Q

Lab tests provided to individual consumers on request are referred to as

A

Direct aces testing or direct to customer

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48
Q

CMP

A

SST Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes

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49
Q

Female RBC

A

3.9-5 trillion cells/L

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50
Q

Retic count

A

Anemia
No spin
Refrigerate

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51
Q

Order of draw

A

Certainly- Blood culture( SPS)

Blood-lt blue-sodium citrate

Red-Red-serum tubes with or w/our clot activator or gel top
Turns

Green-heparin

Lavender-EDTA

Gray- oxalate fluoride

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52
Q

Which additional ID information is typically required on a non-blood specimen label?

A

Specimen source

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53
Q

It is necessary to control the depth of lancet insertion during capillary puncture to avoid?

A

Injury to the calcaneus

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54
Q

Light sensitive specimen

A

Wrap tubes in aluminum foil; bilirubin, beta carotene, vitamins A and B6 and porphyrins

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55
Q

CO2

A

20-29 mmol/L

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56
Q

AST

A

SST Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes

57
Q

The right to know refers to

A

The patient’s right to information about his procedures and who is performing them

58
Q

Skin puncture techniques are useful in which of the following conditions

A

When the patient is a neonate

59
Q

Median cubical vein

A

Favorable large vein

60
Q

Characteristics of a sharps container

A

Leak-proof, lid that locks, puncture resistant

61
Q

Basilic vein

A

Least favorable; moves; near brachial artery; if puncture too deep can hit it

62
Q

Most common reason for glucose monitoring through POCT is to?

A

Monitor glucose levels for diabetic care

63
Q

What is the average skin puncture depth appropriate for an adult?

64
Q

Yellow top

A

Sodium polenthule sulfonate (SPS). Cultured for presence of microorganisms. Aids in recovery of microorganisms by slowing down/ stopping the actions of complement, phagocytes, and certain antibiotics. Tubes with ACD are for cellular studies, HLA typing, paternity testing.

65
Q

What is the CLSI recommended blood culture site disinfectant for infants 2 mos and older?

A

Chlorhexidine gluconate

66
Q

Which body fluid is not considered to be infectious under standard precautions?

67
Q

Creatinine

A

SST hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes

68
Q

Lipid

A

SST hypertension, hyperlipedemia, diabetes, screening cardiovascular

69
Q

BMP

A

SST Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes

70
Q

Which of the following analyses is significantly increased in the blood with changes in position?

71
Q

Tow-hour Postprandial test

A

Evaluate diabetes mellitus; fasting glucose compared to glucose 2 hr after eating

72
Q

Gray top

A

Sodium fluoride- antiglycolytic, preserves glucose for 3 days.
Lithium iodacetate-preserves 24 hr
Potassium oxalate- prevents clotting by binding to calcium

73
Q

Alcohol that has not dried prior to a skin puncture can cause erroneous results for some lab tests.

74
Q

SST post phleb

A

Spin and refrigerate
13 min clot
13 min spin

75
Q

Yellow top blood collection tube has which additive?

A

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate

76
Q

which of the following has the highest percentage of needlestick injuries

77
Q

Alcohol that has not dried prior to a skin puncture can prevent a round drop from forming

78
Q

Agencies that define guidelines for specimens transported by courier or other air and ground mail systems?

A

DOT FAA OSHA

79
Q

When blood is to be collected for a glucose tolerance test, the patient should fast for

A

8-12 hours

80
Q

Agranular WBC

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

81
Q

When making a blood smear, if it turns out too short, try again and

A

Decrease the angle of the spreader slide

82
Q

Finger stick procedures cannot be performed when which tests are ordered?

A

Blood culture, coagulation,

83
Q

PKU

A

Phenylketonuria-infants;genetic; can cause mental retardation and brain damage

84
Q

PSA Screen

A

SST Screening for neoplasm prostate

85
Q

Platelet count

A

150-450 billion/L

86
Q

Disease that can be transmitted through blood and body fluids?

87
Q

The abbreviation for the federal agency that instituted and enforces regulations requiring the labeling of hazardous material is?

88
Q

Excessive massaging or milking of the finger during a skin puncture procedure can cause

A

Hemolysis and contamination of the specimen with tissue fluid

89
Q

A transient increase in serum iron levels can occur due to emotional stress

90
Q

WBC

A

3.5-10.5 billion cells/L

91
Q

Providone-iodine

A

Good for infection control

92
Q

HGB value male

A

13.5-17.5 g/dL

93
Q

H&H

A

Anemia
No spin
Room temp

94
Q

Which of the following tests uses blood collected in a tan topped tube?

95
Q

Which of the following analytes requires protection from light?

A

Vitamin B12, bilirubin

96
Q

Which type of specimen has processing and testing priority over all other specimens?

97
Q

Which of the following is the best way to tell if a specimen is arterial? As the specimen is collected, the blood:

A

Pulses into the syringe

98
Q

A patient complains of significant pain when the needle is inserted. The pain does not subside and radiates down the patient’s arm. What should the phlebotomist do?

A

Discontinue draw immediately

99
Q

Royal Blue

A

Clot activator(plastic serum), EDTA(plastic). Used for trace elements, toxicology, and nutritional chem testing.

100
Q

Red/gray (speckled), tiger top tubes

A

Serum separator tube. Clot activator; glass particles, silica, and celites slow clot formation. Thixotropic gel is serum separator-forms barrier between serum and cells. Used on chem tests(glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, potassium).

*invert 5 times

101
Q

Lavender tests

A

Whole blood hematology-CBC, RBC, WBC, and platelet counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, sickle cell anemia screening

102
Q

Ethylendiaminetetracetic acid (EDTA)

A

Inhibits coagulation by binding to calcium

103
Q

An ETOH specimen must be collected on a patient for forensic purposes, which of the following tubes would be the best choice to collect the specimen?

A

Gray top sodium fluoride

104
Q

3hr OGTT

A

Test hyperglycemia and diagnose diabetes

105
Q

Ferritin

A

SST Anemia

106
Q

A1C

A

Lav diabetes, hyperglycemia, screening diabetes mellitis
No spin
Refrigerate

107
Q

Phlebotomist arrives to draw a fasting specimen, patient is eating breakfast, what should phlebotomist do?

A

Check with patients nurse to see if specimen should still be collected

108
Q

CBC

A

Lav hypertension, anemia, tobacco use, abnormal blood chem
No Spin
Room temp

109
Q

Free T4

A

SST Disorders of menstruation

110
Q

Glucose

A

64-100 mg/dL

111
Q

Serum Chloride

A

101-111 mmol/L

112
Q

PT procedure is performed on blood collection in which tube?

A

Light blue

113
Q

Diurnal rhythm has a major effect on which of the following blood analytes?

114
Q

vacuum tubes used for collecting specimens for cytogenetic studies are

115
Q

Which of the following conditions can have an adverse effect on the quality of a finger stick?

A

Always using the first drop of blood

116
Q

Which specimen collection tube is commonly used for hemostasis tests?

A

Sodium citrate

117
Q

Uric acid

118
Q

WBC in order of greatest abundance to least

A

Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils

119
Q

5hr OGTT

A

Evaluate hypoglycemia and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism/scheduled to begin 7-9am

120
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation and infection of the bone

121
Q

Gray tests

A

Fasting blood type, glucose tolerance, blood alcohol, and lactic acid

122
Q

Sed rate

A

Inflammation, joint pain
No spin
Refrigerate

123
Q

Which of the following pieces of information is typically required to be on a inpatient specimen label?

124
Q

Major structural difference between arteries and veins?

A

Arteries are larger in diameter

125
Q

Green top additive

A

Heparin combined with sodium, lithium, or ammonium ion. Inhibits thrombin and is not used for hematology b/c interferes with Wright’s stained blood smear.

*Invert 8 times

126
Q

HGB value female

A

12-15.5 g/dL

127
Q

Blood sugar range

A

72-108 mg/dL

128
Q

With computer generated specimen labels, what info is always added to the labels manually when specimens are collected?

A

Phleb’s initials and time of draw

129
Q

If the tourniquet is applied to the arm for longer than 2 minutes, which of the following analyses will most likely become falsely elevated?

130
Q

CMS is an abbreviation for

A

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

131
Q

Glucose

A

SST Diabetes, impaired fasting glucose

132
Q

Cold agglutinins

A

Antibodies are produced in response to Mycoplasma pneumonia infection(atypical pneumonia). Blood collected in red top tubes and pre-warmed in incubator for 30 min at 37c

133
Q

Blood from a skin puncture sit is

A

A mix of blood and interstitial fluid

134
Q

Serum Potassium

A

3.7-5.2 mEq/L

135
Q

Unsuitable veins

A

Sclerosed veins, thrombotic veins, or tortuous veins(wondering or crooked veins, susceptible to infection, blood flow impaired, specimen may produce erroneous effects

136
Q

Chilled specimen

A

ABG, ammonia, lactic acid, pyruvate, ACTH, gastrin, and parathyroid hormone

137
Q

PSA

A

SST Erectile dysfunction

138
Q

Sodium citrate

A

Prevents coagulation by bonding to calcium. Preserves coagulation factors.

139
Q

A healthy body mass index for adults is

A

20-25 kg/m

Phlebotomy Theory (7 decks)

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