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A-CNS Histo > Cerebrum - meiniges - neuroglia -brain barriers > Flashcards

Cerebrum - meiniges - neuroglia -brain barriers Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
_________________
grey matter fromed of ?
white matter formed of?

A

grey : nerve cells - neroglia - blood capillaries
White matters: nerve fibers - neuroglia -blood capillaries

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2
Q

Cerebral cortex is thinnest in

A

preimary sensory area

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3
Q

Cerberal cortex is thickest in ?>

A

Motor area and assoication area

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4
Q

most numerous cells in cerebtal cortex ?

A

pyramidal cells

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5
Q

The apex of pyramidal cell directed to,,while the axons to,,,,,

A

surface
whilte matter

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6
Q

Cells of inner pyramidal layer project to spinal cord and brainstem as projection fibers ,,,,?

A

Corticospinal
Corticobulbar
Corticopontine projection fibers

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7
Q

Granule cells of cerebral cortex dexribe dendrites and axons

A

-dendrites short in the same layer others long to the surface
-Axons terminate in the deep cortical layers
__________________________

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8
Q

Fusiform cell describe/

A

SPINDLE shaped with axons from the middle of the body and dendrites from each side

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9
Q

Triangular cell in all layers
with ascending axons reaching the superifical layers

A

Cells of Martinotti

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10
Q

Spindle shape in superficial layers theri axons pass horizontally within these layers

A

Horizontal cells of caja l

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11
Q

Mention layers of cerebral cortex

A

moleuclar
External granular
External pyramidal
Internal granular
internal pyramidal
Plexiform

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12
Q

Layer of ceerebral cortex with
neuroglia
small horizontal neve cells
Tangential fibers

A

moleuclar layer!

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13
Q

External granular layer contains?

A

Closely packed granule cells dendrites asecding to molecular layer
axons deep to deep cortical layers

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14
Q

Small and medium pyramidal cells are in ?

A

Exteranl pyramidal layer

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15
Q

Outer band of baillarger appears in ?>

A

Internal granular layers with granule cells

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16
Q

Internal pyramidal layers contaitns?

A

Betz cells +
Inner band of baillarger

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17
Q

Plexifrom layer has

A

Mutliform cells + fusiform cells merging with white matter

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18
Q

comparre motor and sensory cortex

A

motor cortex thicker and has less granule cells than sensory cortex
and more pyramidal cells in layer 3 and 4 and 5

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18
Q

comparre motor and sensory cortex

A

motor cortex thicker and has less granule cells than sensory cortex
and more pyramidal cells in layer 3 and 4 and 5

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19
Q

Radial fibers of cerebral cortex dex

A

Afferents: thalamocortical
efferents : Corticospinal
corticonuclear cortioreticular corticopontine

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20
Q

Horizontal fibers of cerebral cortex

A

Tangential f
Outer and inner bands of Baillarger which are terminals of afferents to synapse with cortical fibers

21
Q

Single tough layer of fibrous tissue
Fused with periostem of the skull
Non Vascular
Separating and forming Dural venous sinuses
Inner surface lined by endothelium
separated from the arachanoid by subdural space

A

Dura matter

22
Q

Arahcnoid matter
it is ,,,,,,, layer with direct contact with dure
The outermost cells of the arachanoid (barrier cell) are bounded to one another by …….. that seal subarachanoid space from extracellular space in dura
Numerous Arahcnoid trabculae of ,,,,,,,and,,,,,,,,,, cross subarachanoid space reach
In certain areas arahacnoid projects to the dural venous sinuses forming ,,,,,,,,,,

A

Fibrocellular
))))))))))))))
Tight junctions
_______________
Fibrous collagen elastic
________________________
Arahcnoid villi in venous sinuses

23
Q

Pia matter
It invest brain completely
Covering gyri lining sulci
Fusing ,,,,, of the CNs and with ,,,,,, to form choroid pleux
Fibrocellular layer:!
Contaitn layre of ,,,,, cells joined by ,,,,,,, and,,,,,,,,and,,,,,,,,,

A

epinureium
ependymals
______________
Leptomeneingeal
Desmosmes
,gap junctions and
tight junctions

24
Q

Choroid pleux function site

A

sECRETION OF CSF
In 3rd and 4th venticle part of lateral ventricle
villi in ventricular cavity core pia fenestarted blood capillaris covered by ependymals

25
Q

Neuroglia shown by

A

silver and gold

26
Q

Peripheral neuroglia is ,,,,,,,
central neuroglia are ?

A

schamoamnn stellate
___________________
Astrocytes
oliogdendroglia
Microglia
Epndymal cells
origin site shape nucelus types

27
Q

Astro(c)ytes
Origin ?

A

Ectodermal 1

28
Q

Astrocytes site?

A

White and grey matter
most numerous glial cells
STAR Shaped
Fibrous astrocytes white matter long thin process
Protoplasmic astro grey short extensive process

29
Q

Glial fibrillary acid protin
G FAB from astrocytes is

A

Marker of tumors

30
Q

Long process of astrocytes
terminate on
Blood vessles as
Neurons as
Pia matter as
Ependymal as?

A

Blood brain barrier
Maintaining microenvironment
Pia glial limtian
Ependymal inner glial limitans

31
Q

Nucleus of astrocytes are

A

Central round Vesiculkar
cytoplam basophilic

32
Q

special astrocytes as ?

A

=Mullers of Retina Radial
=PITUICYTS in Pars Nervosa from pituitary

33
Q

Functions of astrocytes? :
support……
Regulation of brain …..
Removing ,,,,,and,,,,,,,,,,and,,,,,,,harmful to neurons
After injury Proliferating to ………..by……… or ………….
Share in fromation of !!!!!

A

CNS
Metabolism
K ions , NTs execess!, proteins
Close defects gliosis or differetniating as stem cells
_______________
BBB blood brain barrier

34
Q

Oligodendro(c)tyes origin

A

Ectodermal as astrocytes
in white matter

35
Q

Mention oligodendrocyts types

A

Light cells : in CNS of neonate and fetus with echromatic nuclei and pale cytoplasm
Darks cells : in CNS of adults heterochrmoatic mucelis and denese cytoplasm,
——GFAP

36
Q

Mention function of oligodendtocytes :

A

A single oligodenedrocytes can invilve 50 axons Mylination for insulation

37
Q

(m)icroglia origin ?

A

MesodermaaaaaalBlood monocytes !
grey and white matter
of brain and spinal cord retina and ptic nerve

38
Q

Cells with dense elongated nuceli
Spindle rod shape
Scanty cytopalms
Mesodermal!

A

Microglia

39
Q

Microgliosis ocuure in ?

A

Neurodegenrative disease as Alzhemir nad parkinsonism

40
Q

Microglia function ?

A

Immune for phagocytosis

41
Q

Mention types of ependmal cells

A

Lining ependymal
Speical empdymal
Tanycytes

42
Q

Edpneymal cells orign and site

A

Ectodermal
lining ventricles + Cental canal of spinal cord

43
Q

Describe ependymal cells types

A

simpe cuboidal or coulmnar ciliated to move CSF
Joined by?!!
Desmosomes

44
Q

Choroid pleux is

A

Vascular pia containing Fenestrated blood capillaries covered by modifed ependymals
Apical microvilli
Tigth junctions
Basal infoldings and Mitochondria

45
Q

Brain CSF barries formed of ?

A

Epednymal cells
CT
foot porcess of astrocytes

46
Q

Blood CSF barrier ?

A

Fenestrated endotheliial Blood capilalries
Contiuous Basement membrane
Connnective tissue
Epdenymal cells

47
Q

Blood brain barrier formed of ?

A

Contiuonus endothium
COntious basment membrane
Pericytes
Astrocytes surrounding basal lamian

48
Q

Functions of Blood brain barrier

A

For modulation of enetry of metabolits
preventing toxins regulating ions and NTs enetery

48
Q

Functions of Blood brain barrier

A

For modulation of enetry of metabolits
preventing toxins regulating ions and NTs enetery

49
Q

fUNCTIONS OF pericytes

A

HAS functions in production and Maintainance of tigh juncitons
Capillary angiogensis
Share in Blood brain barrier

50
Q

الحمدلله رب العالمين

A

A-CNS Histo (7 decks)

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