Cerebrum & Diencephalon Flashcards
What is the outer grey matter of the brain called?
cerebral cortex?
What is the inner white matter made of?
axons
what is the deep grey matter containing?
cell bodies
what is a gyrus?
bumps
what is a sulcus?
depressions
what does the longitudinal fissure separate?
both hemispheres of the brain into L & R hemispheres
What are the 4 main sulci in the brain?
- longitudinal fissure
- central sulcus
- lateral sulcus (or fissure)
- calcarine sulcus
what are the 2 main gyri in the brain?
- precentral gyrus (infront of central gyrus)
- post central gyrus (behind central sulcus)
what are Brodmann Areas?
numerical system for locating the different functional areas of the cortex –> tells you what the brain areas do in terms of function
What are the 4 specialised cortical regions?
- primary motor cortex
- primary somatosensory cortex
- primary auditory cortex
- primary visual cortex
What is the primary motor cortex also known as?
pre-central gyrus
what is the primary somatosensory cortex also known as?
post-central gyrus
what is the primary somatosensory cortex good for?
sensory information processing
Wernicke’s area
language comprehension
Broca’s area
motor language production –> speech expression
receptive aphasia
problems in wernickes
expressive aphasia
problems in brocas
3 classifications of white matter in the cerebrum?
- projection fibres
- commissural fibres
- association fibres
Where is the diencephalon found?
- just above the brainstem
- between the cerebral hemispheres
- it has the 3rd ventricle between its left and right sides
- it has the internal capsule lying superficial to it
Thalamus
- largest most dorsal nuclear mass
- relay centre
HYPOthalamus
- ventral (inferior) & rostral (anterior) to thalamus
- regulation of autonomic / endocrine functions
SUBthalamus
- immediately ventral (inferior) to thalamus
- related to the basal ganglia for movement control
EPIthalamus
- caudal (posterior) to thalamus
- circadian rhythm & sexual reproduction cycles
What is the sensory part of the thalamus?
VPL & VPM (ventral posterior medial & lateral)
What is the motor part of the thalamus?
- VL (ventral lateral)
- internal capsule at lateral aspect
