Cerebrum: 1) Surface of the Brain I

Question 1

Examine the surface of the cerebral cortex and note the grooves, or sulci. The deepest and longest groove on the lateral surface of the cerebral cortex is the __________ ____________.

Answer 1

lateral sulcus (also known as the Sylvian fissure)

Question 2

In the 17th century, the French anatomist Francois Sylvius first recognized the ___________ sulcus as a horizontal groove separating the ___________ lobe inferiorly from the frontal and parietal lobes superiorly.

Answer 2

lateral; temporal

Question 3

On the diagram provided, locate and label the major groove running horizontally just superior to the temporal lobe.

Answer 3

Question 4

Identify and label the superior temporal sulcus, located parallel and inferior to the lateral sulcus.

Answer 4

Question 5

To locate the superior temporal sulcus, connect the three dots on the diagram and label the sulcus.

Answer 5

Question 6

The preceding diagrams showed the left side of the cerebral cortex; this diagram shows the right side. Draw and label the superior temporal sulcus.

Answer 6

Question 7

The superior __________ sulcus takes its name from its location on the ____________ part of the temporal lobe.

Answer 7

temporal; superior

Question 8

The lateral sulcus is deeper than the sulcus immediately inferior and parallel to it, termed the __________ __________ sulcus.

Answer 8

superior temporal

Question 9

The _________ sulcus is deeper than the superior _________ sulcus.

Answer 9

lateral; temporal

Question 10

The worm-like convolutions of the cortex are gyri (singular is gyrus). Each ___________ is bounded by sulci.

Answer 10

gyrus

Question 11

The grooves on the cortex are called __________; the convolutions between the grooves are called __________.

Answer 11

sulci; gyri

Question 12

The lateral sulcus and the superior temporal sulcus enclose a _________ between them.

Answer 12

gyrus

Question 13

Adjacent gyri appear to be separated on the surface of the cortex, but as the diagram shows, the surface is actually infolded, and adjecent gyri are ____________ at the base of each sulcus.

Answer 13

continuous

Question 14

More than half of the surface of a gyrus is hidden from view in the walls of two adjacent __________. On the cut surface, blacken the hidden portions of the gyrus labeled “G”. The most superior region of the area you blackened is hidden in the wall of the __________ __________ sulcus; label this sulcus on the diagram.

Answer 14

sulci; superior temporal

Question 15

Inferior to the lateral sulcus, the superior temporal gyrus forms the superior part of the _________ lobe. Label the gyrus with its name.

Answer 15

temporal

Question 16

On the diagram, label the Lateral Sulcus, Superior Temporal Sulcus, and the Superior Temporal Gyrus.

Answer 16

Question 17

Inferior to the lateral sulcus is the __________ lobe.

Answer 17

temporal

Question 18

The cerebral cortex has other lobes in addition to the temporal lobe. One of these other lobes, named for its location in the frontal portion of the brain, is the _________ lobe.

Answer 18

frontal

Question 19

Three parallel sulci run from the superior surface of the cortex inferiorly to the lateral sulcus. Locate these three sulci, and draw a single circle around the group of them on the diagram (they are located between the broken lines).

Answer 19

Question 20

The central sulcus forms the posterior boundary of the ________ lobe.

Answer 20

frontal

Question 21

The three sulci enclose two ___________.

Answer 21

gyri

Question 22

The two gyri on either side of the central sulcus are logically named the precentral and _______ central sulci.

Answer 22

postcentral

Question 23

The gyrus between the central and precentral sulci is the _________ central gyrus.

Answer 23

precentral

Question 24

Of the two gyri bordering the central sulcus, the one in the frontal lobe is the __________ gyrus.

Answer 24

precentral

Question 25

The gyrus posterior to the central sulcus is the _________ gyrus. The gyrus just anterior to the central sulcus is the __________ gyrus.

Answer 25

postcentral; precentral

Question 26

The gyrus farthest posterior on the frontal lobe is the __________ gyrus.

Answer 26

precentral

Question 27

The lobe directly posterior to the frontal lobe is the parietal lobe. The postcentral gyrus is in the ___________ lobe.

Answer 27

parietal

Question 28

On the lateral surface of the cortex, the sulcus dividing the frontal from the parietal lobe is the ________ sulcus. Indicate this sulcus with an arrow.

Answer 28

central

Question 29

The central sulcus is the anterior boundary of the __________ lobe.

Answer 29

parietal

Question 30

On passing posteriorly from the precentral gyrus of the __________ lobe, one reaches the ____________ lobe. With an arrow, indicate the boundary between these two lobes.

Answer 30

frontal; parietal

Question 31

The most anterior gyrus of the parietal lobe is the __________ gyrus.

Answer 31

postcentral

Question 32

The central sulcus is fairly constant from brain to brain. Label the central sulcus with a “C” on both sides of this brain, viewed from __________.

Answer 32

above

Question 33

Label the three sulci that delineate the precentral and postcentral gyri.

Answer 33

Question 34

Connect the labels with the appropriate structure. With each labeled gyrus, write the name of the lobe in which it is located.

Answer 34

Question 35

Label the cortical components to which lines have been drawn on the diagram.

Answer 35