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Vascular registry Review > Cerebrovascular Anatomy > Flashcards

Cerebrovascular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The tunica intima is the ______ layer made up of _______

A

1) inner layer

2) endothelial cells

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2
Q

Tunica media is the _____ layer made up of ______

A

1) middle layer

2) muscle

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3
Q

Tunica Adventitia/Externa is the ______ layer made up of _______& _______

A

1) outer layer
2) epithelial cells
3) connective tissue

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4
Q

The right CCA originated from the ________

A

Innominate artery

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5
Q

The left CCA originates frinthe _____

A

Aortic arch (2nd branch from arch)

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6
Q

The CCA courses _____ on the _______ neck

A

1) cephalad

2) anterolateral neck

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7
Q

The CCA bifurcated at the ……

A

Upper boarder of the thyroid cartilage

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8
Q

The CCA combination of ICA & ECA flow, _____ resistance with ________

A

1) higher

2) good diastolic flow

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9
Q

The bulb area normally exhibits areas of _______ in color Doppler & short periods of _________

A

1) flow separation

2) systolic flow reversal (caused by swirling of the flow as it enters the enlarged segment )

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10
Q

The majority of the CCA blood enters the ICA due to….

A

Low resistance vascular bed distally

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11
Q

The ECA is the ______ branch of the CCA

A

Anterior/ medial

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12
Q

The ECA terminates at the _______

A

Superficial temporal artery

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13
Q

What is the first branch visualized (in most people) of the ECA?

A

Superior thyroidal artery

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14
Q

List the branches of the ECA

A

1) superior thyroidal artery
2) ascending pharyngeal
3) lingual
4) facial
5) maxillary
6) occipital
7) posterior auricular
8) superficial temporal

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15
Q

_________ used to perform the temporal tap

A

Superficial temporal artery

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16
Q

The temporal tap will demonstrate ______ during diastole

A

Flow oscillations

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17
Q

The superficial temporal artery branches connect to the ________ with potential for __________

A

1) supraorbital artery

2) ICA collateralization

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18
Q

Occipital artery branches connect to the branches the ______

A

Distal vertebral artery

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19
Q

The facial artery gives off numerous small branches before it terminates into the ______

A

Angular artery

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20
Q

ECA branches supply the _____ , _____ & ______

A

1) neck
2) face
3) scalp

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21
Q

The ECA is _____ resistance, ______ flow with ________ antegrade diastolic flow

A

1) high
2) pulsatile flow
3) minimal

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22
Q

The ICA is _______ branch of the CCA. It courses _____ to enter the cranium

A

1) posterior/ lateral branch

2) cephalad

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23
Q

Siphon area- distal ICA courses _____ then _____ then _____forming an “S”

A

1) anterior
2) medial
3) posterior

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24
Q

Siphon _____ flow & has increased risk for …..

A

1) reduces flow

2)flow reducing lesions
Ex: atheroma & thrombus

25
Q

The ICA has ________ branches extracranial

A

No visible branches

26
Q

Branches of the ICA supply the _____, ______,______,______,_____& ______

A

1) eyes
2) nose
3) forehead
4) corpus callosum
5) frontal lobe
6) parietal loves

27
Q

________ is the first branch from the ICA siphon area inside the cranium

A

Ophthalmic artery

  • NOT visiable on carotid evaluation
28
Q

Ophthalmic artery branches into _____,_____& ______

A

1) nasal
2) frontal
3) supraorbital arteries

29
Q

______ & _______ artery are the other 2 main intracranial branches of the distal ICA

A

1) anterior choroidal artery

2) posterior communicating artery

30
Q

The ICA terminates at the…..

A

Bifurcation into the ACA & MCA, once it reaches the circle of Willis

31
Q

The ICA supplies ______% of arterial blood to the brain

A

75%

32
Q

The ICA has ____ resistance flow with _______ antegrade diastolic flow

A

1) low resistance
2) increased
* slow acceleration & deceleration of flow

33
Q

Supraorbital artery originates from the _______ & joins the ______

A

1) ophthalmic artery

2) superficial temporal artery ( branch of the ECA)

34
Q

Frontal artery originates from the ______ & joins the ______. It supplies the _____

A

1) ophthalmic artery
2) superficial temporal artery (branch of ECA)

3 supplies the nose

35
Q

What are the 2 potential collateral pathways for ECA to ICA flow?

A

1) supraorbital

2) frontal artery

36
Q

Vertebral arteries (VA) supply _____ of blood to the cerebrum

A

10-25%

37
Q

VA course within foramina of the Pericles of the vertebra of _____ through _____

A

C6- C1

38
Q

VA converge into the _______ after entering the posterior skull

A

Basilar artery

39
Q

The _____ vertebral artery is usually larger in diameter

A

Left

40
Q

VA branches supply the _____ & ______

A

1) medulla

2) inferior cerebellum

41
Q

The right vertebral branches from the proximal _______. The left vertebral branches from the proximal _____

A

1) Right subclavian

2) left subclavian

42
Q

VA flow velocities are normally _______

A

< 50 cm/s

43
Q

VA has a similar flow pattern to the _____

A

ICA

  • slow acceleration & deceleration with increased diastolic antegrade flow
44
Q

There is no _____ innominate artery

A

Left

45
Q

The ________________ merge at the base of your he skull to form a single basilar artery

A

Left & right vertebral arteries

46
Q

Basilar artery branches supply the _______ & ___________

A

1) superior cerebellum

2) portions of the brain stem

47
Q

Basilar artery bifurcated at ________ they form both ______

A

1) circle of Willis

2) both posterior cerebral arteries

48
Q

Circle of Willis is a network of arteries that are seated on the __________

A

Inferior cerebrum surface

49
Q

Circle of Willis supplies ….

A

All lobes of the cerebrum

50
Q

Most common anatomy demonstrated is only seen in about ___% of patients

A

20%

  • anterior cerebral artery
    middle cerebral artery
    Posterior cerebral artery
52
Q

The circle of Willis is usually complete in only ____% of patients

A

50%

53
Q

The circle of Willis provides potential for ________ in the presence of disease

A

Collateral flow

54
Q

The anterior cerebral artery supplies _____ & _____, ______, ________

A

1) frontal lobes
2) parietal lobes
3) corpus callosum
4) Cavum septum pellucidum

55
Q

The middle cerebral artery supplies the ______, _____,& ______

A

1) frontal lobe
2) parietal love
3) temporal lobe

56
Q

Posterior cerebral artery supplies _______ & _________

A

1) temporal

2) occipital

57
Q

Superficial branches spread over the….

A

Surface of the brain

Ex: circle of Willis

58
Q

Penetrating branches enter the brain tissue segments for ……

A

Nutrient exchange & neuronal function

59
Q

Intracranial venous sinuses are located between the ______ & the _______ drain the cerebral blood into the ______

A

1) dura mater

2) periosteum

Vascular registry Review (5 decks)

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