Cerebrovascular Accident

Question 1

A sudden onset of neurological signs and symptoms resulting from a disturbance of blood supply to the brain

Answer 1

Cerebrovascular Accident

Question 2

2 major types of CVAs

Answer 2

Ischemic and Hemorrhage CVAs

Question 3

Ischemia

Answer 3

A condition of hypoxia or decreased oxygenation to the brain tissue

Question 4

what are the 2 major categories of ischemic CVAs

Answer 4

Thrombotic and Embolic CVAs

Question 5

A blood clot inside the artery breaks away from the intima (inner lining of the artery) and is carried to the brain

Answer 5

Embolic CVAs

Question 6

the area surrounding the infarcted cerebral tissue

Answer 6

ischemic penumbra

Question 7

what do Hemorrhagic CVAs result from?

Answer 7

Abnormal bleeding from rupture of a cerebral vassel

Question 8

Rupture of a cerebral blood vessel with subsequent bleeding into the brain. Commonly caused by vessel malformation and changes brought on by effects of HTN

Answer 8

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Question 9

What hemorrhage are the primary cause of an aneurysm and vascular malformation?

Answer 9

Subarchnoid hemorrhage

Question 10

Resembles a stroke in many ways bu is NOT the same as a cva?

Answer 10

Transient ischemic attack (TIA’s)

Question 11

Whats a TIA?

Answer 11

Temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain

Question 12

Signs of a TIA

Answer 12

May c/o of neurological dysfunction (loss of motor, sensory, or speech)
Complete resolves w/n 24hrs

Question 13

What do recurrent TIAs indicate what disease and may also indicate an increased risk for..?

Answer 13

Thrombotic disease, increased risk for CVA

Question 14

Congenital anomalies that affect circulation in the brain

Answer 14

Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

Question 15

What medication can be used to decrease the effects of a stroke

Answer 15

tPA Tissue plasminogen activator very effective < 3hrs from event

Question 16

When does the most significant neurological recovery from a stroke occur?
Why?

Answer 16

Significant recovery in neurological function occurs w/n the first 3 months after an injury
because of neuroplasitcity

Question 17

What are 2 primary preventable risk factors to CVA’s?

Answer 17

HTN and heart disease

Question 18

Blockage is uncommon-most frequent cased by an embolus?

Answer 18

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Question 19

Artery supplies the superior border of the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain

Answer 19

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Question 20

Most common type of CVAs

Answer 20

Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Question 21

Most often CVA with a deficit of unilateral neglect

Answer 21

Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Question 22

This deficits commonly occupie what stroke

-Contralateral weakness and sensory loss primarily in the LE, incontinence, Aphasia, memory and behavioral deficits

Answer 22

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Question 23

Artery supplies the surface of the deep frontal and parietal lobe

Answer 23

Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Question 24

Supplies the occipital and temporal lobes

Answer 24

Posterior cerebral artery occlusion

Question 25

Might and more possible then others have a deficit have visual agnosia

Answer 25

Posterior cerebral artery occlusion

Visual Agnosia- (inability to recognize familar objects)

Question 26

A stroke that occurs most often in the deep region of the brains

Answer 26

Lacunar Infarcts

Question 27

Complete occlusion of this artery is often fatal because it supplies the brain stem and cerebellum

Answer 27

Vertebro-basilar artery occlusion

Question 28

Pt’s with a CVA in the right or left posterolateral thalamus demonstrate ??

Answer 28

Pushers syndrome

Question 29

Modified ashworth scale- 0

Answer 29

No increase in muscle tone

Question 30

Modified ashworth scale-1

Answer 30

Sight increase in muscle tone, manifested by catch and release or minimal resistance @ the end of ROM when the affected part moved in flexion or extension

Question 31

Modified ashworth scale- 1+

Answer 31

Sight increase in muscle tone, manifested by catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout less than 1/2 ROm

Question 32

Modified ashworth scale-2

Answer 32

More marked increase in muscle tone though most ROM, but affected part easily moved

Question 33

Modified ashworth scale-3

Answer 33

Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult

Question 34

Modified ashworth scale-4

Answer 34

Affect part rigid in flexion or extension

Question 35

One of the primary and most prevenlent clinical manifestations post CVA

Answer 35

Flaccidity

Question 36

Brunnstrom stages of Recovery- 1

Answer 36

Flaccidity, no voluntary or reflex activity is present in involved extremity

Question 37

Brunnstrom stages of Recovery- 111

Answer 37

Spasticity increases and reaches its peak ; Movement synergies of the involved UE/LE can be performed voluntarily

Question 38

Brunnstrom stages of Recovery- v111

Answer 38

Return to normal function; return of fine motor skills

Question 39

Difficulty speaking-pt knows what want to say, but can’t form the words to communicate their thoughts

Answer 39

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 40

Severe aphasia marked by impairment of both speech production and comprehension of language

Answer 40

Global Aphasia

Question 41

Difficulty or inability to swallow foods and liquids

Answer 41

Dysphagia

Question 42

Condition i which the pt has difficulty articulating words as a result of weakness and inability to control the muscles associates w/ speech production

Answer 42

Dysarthria

Question 43

Goals of positioning

Answer 43

Stimulates motor function, increase sensory awareness, improved respiratory and oromotor function, assist in maintaining ROM, minimize risk for musculoskeletal

Question 44

What does baclofen pump do for CVA’s

Answer 44

Regulates Spasticity

Question 45

What should we manage with positioing to Pts with CVAs

Answer 45

Achievement of symmetry, midline orientation, and protraction of the scapula and pelvis

Question 46

Early functional mobility: target hip and shoulder areas to encourage proximal control and stability to allow for……?

Answer 46

distal mobility

Question 47

Activates joint receptors and facilitates postural holding responses?

Answer 47

Approximation