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Final OPP Exam > Cerebral Palsy - Ferril > Flashcards

Cerebral Palsy - Ferril Flashcards

1
Q

cerebral palsy

A

abnormal motor activity and posture

non-progressive

perinatal asyphyxia, complication prematurity, perinatal infection, kernicterus

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2
Q

forms of CP

A 
spatstic - pyrimidal - MC
non-spastic - extra-pyramidal
atonic
cerebellar
ataxic
combined
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3
Q

athetosis, chorea, dyskinesias

A

non-spastic CP

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4
Q

persistent generalized hypotonia

A

atonic CP

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5
Q

manifest when posture challenged

A

cerebellar CP

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6
Q

CP diagnosis

A

of exclusion

early sign - resistance to passive motion - especially flexion

slow motor development, abnormal muscle tone, unusual posture

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7
Q

diagnose CP time

A

not before age 2

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8
Q

work up for CP

A

CT, MRI, US

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9
Q

OMT with cerebral palsy

A

address muscle tone
and proprioceptive input affecting motor output

muscle tone - function affects structure
proprioception - structure affects function

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10
Q

goals of OMT in CP

A

cannot fix problem
-decrease pain - chronic muscle spasm

affect changes in proprioceptive input - limit/prevent contraction

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11
Q

wheelchair bound CP

A

hip dislocation - hip contractures

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12
Q

hypertonic

A

stiff limb - spatic CP

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13
Q

hypotonic

A

floppy limb - non-spastic CP

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14
Q

pyramidal

A

spastic

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15
Q

exrtrapyramidal

A

non-spastic

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16
Q

pyramidal tracts

A

nerve fibers - voluntary movements - cortex to BS

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17
Q

extramyramidal areas

A

basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum

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18
Q

spastic

A

jerky/awkward movements

often arms and legs

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19
Q

non-spastic CP

A

two types ataxic and dyskinetic

ataxia - wide irregular gait, impaired eye movements

dyskinesia - athetoid and dystonia

20
Q

athetoid

A

involuntary movements - arm, leg, hand

21
Q

dystonic

A

trunk mm - twisted fixed posture

22
Q

chorea

A

irregular movements repetitive or rhythmic - jerky/shaky

-with non-spastic CP

23
Q

choreathetoid

A

chorea and athetosis

movements irregular, but twisting and curving

24
Q

dystonia

A

involuntary movement with abnormal, susained posture

25
Q

ataxia

A

impaired balance/coordination

26
Q

spastic CP postural compensation

A

tight hamstring - posterior innominate

  • decreased lumbar lordosis
  • extended TLG
  • flat thoracic kyphosis
  • extended OA
27
Q

myotactic reflex

A

sensory input - dorsal ganglion
motor output - ventral horn

DTR - hammer on tendon

normal - descending pathways from cortex - down-regulate the response
-abnormal - no down-regulation of response = spastic

agonist/antagonist - don’t work together

28
Q

isometric

A

same length

29
Q

isotonic concentric

A

muscle shorten

improve firing pattern hypotonic mm

30
Q

isotonic eccentric

A

muscle lengthen

address short antigravity muscles

31
Q

isolytic

A

quick overcome patient contraction

32
Q

reciprocal inhibition

A

withdrawal and crossed-extensor reflex

MET to one group of muscles - affects antagonist partner

33
Q

MET not best choice

A

kids under 8yo

34
Q

isolytic

A

good for adhesion, fibrosis, long term contraction

35
Q

reciprocal inhibition

A

good for decreasing tone of hypertonic muscles

hemiplegias, unilateral contractures

36
Q

non-spastic CP

A

hypotonia with increased DTRs

dyskinesia by childhood

50% sensorineural hearing loss

37
Q

postural compensations in CP

A

anterior pelvic displacement
-short adductors, quads

decreased cervical lordosis - head forward
-extension of OA - short suboccipital mm

tibial rotation and torsion, femoral anteversion, pes planus, genu valgus

back pain, knee, hip pain, HA

38
Q

myofascial release

A

long lever strains - entire system

carries proprioceptive info

tx fascial tubes of TAP cylinder

39
Q

BLT in CP

A

balance tone throughout joints

tx tibia-fibula and IO membrane

40
Q

FPR in CP

A

short restrictors - subocc and paraspinals

41
Q

CS in CP

A

lenthen and relax tone in long restrictor muscles

42
Q

HVLA in CP

A

not so much

hypotonic - ligament laxity
hypertonic - risk injury surrounding tissue

43
Q

G-tube for nutrition

A

in reflux with CP

44
Q

ADHD behavior

A

compensation for muscle weak and fatigue, or vision and hearing impairment

45
Q

out of pattern changes

A

signal something may be happening

change in stability may indicate new pathology

new inability to walk - hip dislocation or fracture

46
Q

MFR in spastic CP

A

MFR with static stretching - greater immediate effect on spasticity then stretching alone

47
Q

OCF and MFR vs. acupuncture as tx for children with spastic CP

A

significant improvement in OMT group vs. acupuncture and control groups

Final OPP Exam (9 decks)

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