Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
Primary impairments
Result of a lesion in the cerebral cortex of CNS
Prenatal, perinatal, or within the first 2 years
Not hereditary, progressive, or contagious
Disorder of movement
Impairs fms, gms, language and communication skills, and overall adaptive functioning
Cerebral palsy
Secondary impairments
Abnormal muscle tone Muscle imbalance across joints Muscle contractures Muscle weakness Poor body alignment Impaired initiation of movement Repetition of atypical movement patterns Impaired co-activation
Abnormal muscle tone
Hypotonia- decreased muscle tone
Hypertonia- increased muscle tone
Fluctuating muscle tone- between hypo and hyper
Involvement of extremities
Monoplegia: one extremity Hemiplegia: half of body (one side) Diplegia: upper or lower half Quadriplegia: all extremities Tetraplegia: all extremities including neck
Types of movement disorders
Spastic
Athetoid
Ataxic
Mixed
Spastic
Hypertonic and spasticity
Difficulty with initiation of movement
Athetoid
Fluctuation of muscle tone from low to normal
Little to no spasticity
Poor co-activation
Ataxic
Clumsy
Decreased balance and coordination
Decreased equilibrium reactions
Shaky movements
Mixed
High and low tone
Hypertonic movement in extremities
Hypotonic flexor muscles in neck and trunk