Cerebral palsy Flashcards

1
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

Heterogenous group of disorders affecting the muscle tone and the development of movement and posture resulting from non-progressive brain damage

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2
Q

What are the causes of cerebral palsy?

A

Idiopathic (most common)
Preterm birth and low birth weight
TORCH infection Toxoplasmosis, Other (varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV), Herpes infections, HIV infection, and Syphilis.

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3
Q

What are the types of cerebral palsy?

A

(Spastic) spastic paresis of one or more limbs (75% of cases)
(Non-spastic) Either Dyskinetic: abnormal involuntary movements or Ataxic: intention tremor, lack of balance and coordination

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4
Q

What are the clinical features of cerebral palsy?

A
(General) do not reach certain milestones 
Intellectual disability
Seizure disorder (35%–50%)
Joint contractures
ADHD
(Spastic) ↑ Muscle tone in one or more limbs 
↑ deep tendon reflex 
Toe walking
Muscle weakness and/or atrophy
Scissor gait

(Non-spastic) Abnormal involuntary movements that worsen with stress and disappear with sleep
Chorea
Dysarthria
Dysphagia

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5
Q

How is cerebral palsy diagnosed?

A

(Mainly clinical)
(Crainial US)
(MRI)

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6
Q

What is the treatment for cerebral palsy?

A

Multidisciplinary appraoch

(Antispasmodics) e.g., botulinum toxin, baclofen, dantrolene, benzodiazepines

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