Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
What is cerebral palsy due to?
abnormalities of the developing fetal or infantile brain
T/F Cerebral palsy is progressive
FALSE
What are to abnormal characterizes found?
muscle tone
posture
movement
What is associated with cerebral palsy?
intellectual disability, communication and behavioral difficulties, seizure disorders
What gestational age is most likely to get CP?
< 28 wks
What birth weight is likely to get CP?
<1500g (3 pounds)
What is the most common association of etiology for CP?
Prematurity
What injury can cerebral palsy?
perinatal hypoxia- ischemic injury
What are acquired postnatal causes (infancy/childhood)?
stroke, trauma, near hypoxic events, sepsis, meningitis
What is important when evaluating CP?
Detailed history and physcial
What 3 goals of the detailed hx and physical?
- diagnostic features and classify the type
- child condition is static rather than progressive
- establish txt goals and priorities
What age is CP clinically diagnosed?
2yr
What dx test is required in CP?
MRI
What are the key features in CP diagnosis?
permanent and nonprogessive
attributed to an insult occurring in fetal or infant brain
results in limitations in functional abilities/activities
accompanied by secondary musculoskeletal problems
What findings are seen on brain MRI for CP?
hypoxic ischemic lesions
cortical malformations
basal ganglia lesions
If seizures are present what diagnostic tool must be used?
electroencephalography
If refractory seizures, movement disorders (ataxic-spastic gait, dyskinesias) are present, what diagnostic tool must be used?
lumbar puncture
When should metabolic/genetic testing be performed in CP?
atypical symptoms
brain malformation seen on MRI
No etiology found
Diagnosis of CP is based on….
exclusion, requires serial examinations
What are 5 clues to a early diagnosis of CP?
Abnormal behavior Abnormal tone Abnormal posture Persistence of primitive reflexes Failure to achieve motor milestones
What age would it be hard to determine specific classification?
prior to age 5
What are the 3 types of CP?
Spastic
Dyskinetic
Ataxic
What is the most common type of CP?
Spastic, spastic hemiplegia
What type of CP has intellectual disability and involuntary movements
Dyskinetic syndrome
