Cerebellum & Basal Nuclei

Question 1

Location

Answer 1

above myelencephalon (medulla) and metencephalon (pons), part of brainstem

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

regulates activity of UMN, receives and sends signals to and from cerebral cortex and brainstem -> detects MOTOR ERROR
mediates both real-time and long-term reductions in motor errors

Question 3

Cell type layers

Answer 3

Stellate: medullar
Basket: medullar & purkinje
Golgi: medullar, purkinje and granule
Granule: medullar, purkinje and granule
Purkinje: medullar, purkinje and granule

Question 4

Function of layers

Answer 4

Short-term: basket, stellate and golgi act as switches (deep cerebellar nuclei is the error correction signal
Long-term: cerebellar output from moderation of parallel fibres-purkinje cell activity by climbing fibres

Question 5

Divisions

Answer 5

Cerebrocerebellum (lateral hemispheres): input-> many areas, output-> highly skilled movements
Vestibulocerebellum (caudal lobe): input-> vestibular nuclei in brain stem, output-> posture and equilibrium
Spinocerebellum (median and paramedian zones): input-> spinal cord, output->distal limb and proximal muscles

Question 6

Diffuse cerebellar cortical disease

Answer 6

inadequate motor response, bilateral symmetric ataxia w/ no weakness, base-wide stance, falling, tremor of head, nystagmus, hyperreflexia

Question 7

Basal Ganglia

Answer 7

neuronal cell bodies in cerebral cortex
corpus striatum and globus pallidus
regulate activity of UMN, open or shut gates that initiate or terminate movement

Question 8

Inputs/Outputs basal ganglia

Answer 8

Inputs: cerebral cortex
Outputs: frontal cortex

Question 9

Dysfunction of basal ganglia

Answer 9

hypertonia & rigidity, can’t eat, random chewing