Cerebellum & Basal Ganglia Flashcards
What is the general function of the basal ganglia and cerebellum?
Modify movement on a minute-to-minute basis
Is the cerebellum excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory
Is the basal ganglia excitatory or inhibitory?
inhibitory
Where do the basal ganglia and cerebellum receive signals from?
Motor cortex
Where do the basal ganglia and cerebellum send signals to?
- Motor cortex via the thalamus
- Substantia nigra & Pars reticulata
What nuclei are part of the basal ganglia?
Caudate nucleus, Putamen, Globus paladius
What part of the basal ganglia receive info?
Putamen & Caudate
What part of the basal ganglia transmit info?
Globus paladius
Inhibition of the thalamus from the basal ganglia has what effect on the motor cortex?
excitation
The basal ganglia release GABA to the substantia nigra & pars reticulata to do what?
Inhibit the superior colliculus
- coordinate head and eye movement
What comes as a result of the basal ganglias interaction with the motor cortex?
Limb & trunk movement
How can the substantia nigra pars compacta effect the caudate/putamen?
It releases dopamine which can excite (D1-direct pathway) or inhibit (D2 - indirect pathway)
Overall has an excitatory function on the motor cortex as the indirect pathway is inhibitory
How does the direct pathway effect the motor cortex?
Increased activation
How does the indirect pathway effect the motor cortex?
Decreased activation
What causes Huntington’s disease?
Degradation of the basal ganglia
