Cephalosporins

Question 1

Cephalosporins

معلومات عامة

Answer 1

More beta-lactamase resistant than penicillin

كل مازاد الجيل بصير يشمل أكثر جرام negative بكتيريا 🦠 و كمان بصير
More resistant to beta lactamase

Question 2

1st generation cephalosporins
E.g

Answer 2

cefazolin, فازلين

cefadroxil بوكسي

Question 3

1st generation cephalosporins that has good penetration to the bone

Answer 3

Cefazolin

Question 4

Used as a perioperative antibiotic before orthopedic, obstetrics and
gynecology

Answer 4

Cefazolin

Question 5

1st generation cephalosporins is used in UTI, RTI

Answer 5

Cefadroxil

Question 6

2nd generation cephalosporins

Answer 6

cefoxitin (IM OR IV), 🦊

Cefuroxime (parenteral, oral. اقسم انه يوخذ الحبة

اقسم الثعلب

Question 7

IM injection is painful and should be avoided in which generation

Answer 7

2nd generation cephalosporins

Question 8

Cefoxitin used for

Answer 8

Given at at induction of anesthesia is used as a surgical prophylaxis to prevent
internal abdominal and pelvic infections against anaerobic MO Bacteroides fragilis

Question 9

the most commonly used cephalosporin in USA

Answer 9

Cefuroxime

اقسم انه يصير مشهور

Question 10

Parenteral route of cefuroxime used in

Answer 10

is called maxil (cefuroxime sodium)

is indicated in
septicemia, pharyngitis, bronchitis

Question 11

3rd generation cephalosporines example

Answer 11

cefotaxime, ش .تقسيم

ceftazidime. تزيد

ceftriaxone (axon)

شارع تقسيم يزيد المحور العصبي axon

Question 12

The main advantage is adequate penetration to CSF (cross BBB)

Any generation

Answer 12

3rd generation cephalosporines

Remember ( axon)

Question 13

are Used alternative with aminoglycosides to treat meningitis
caused by pneumococci, meningococci, H. influenza

Answer 13

Ceftria❌one & cefota❌ime

Third generation that contain letter ❌

Question 14

Ceftriaxone & cefotaxime Not used for meningitis caused by

Answer 14

monocytogenes ❌❌❌❌❌❌❌

Question 15

Ceftazidime is active against any MO

Answer 15

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 16

Antipseudomonal cephalosporins

Answer 16

ceftazidime &cefepime

تزيد ⚔️ سيفي

Question 17

DOC for neonatal and childhood meningitis

Answer 17

ceftriaxone 2g every 12 hours

‏هسه عشان تربطهم مع بعض اتذكر كلمة axon ياللي هو جزء من الجهاز العصبي والتهاب السحايا بصيب الجهاز العصبي 

Question 18

excreted mainly in bile (no need to adjust the dose for renal insufficiency)

Which cephalosporin

Answer 18

Ceftraxone

شارع تقسيم في مشاكل بالعصارة

Question 19

4th generation cephalosporins

Answer 19

cefepime=> Given only parenterally

Question 20

community acquired pneumonia,
hospital acquired pneumonia. Which drug used

Answer 20

cefepime

Pneumonia معناها انقطاع النفس
والسيف هو عبارة عن اداة حادة قاطعة

Question 21

Used in infections resistant to other cephalosporines

Answer 21

cefepime.

‏لأنه من الجيل الرابع بتكون العدوى كثير قوية

Question 22

Which generation of cephalosporin has a broad spectrum activity

Answer 22

cefepime 4th

empirically in patients with febrile neutropenia

Question 23

Cephalosporin can be used alternative to Which drug

Answer 23

penicillin G

Question 24

Side effect of cephalosporin

Answer 24

2. Diarrhea 3. Hypersensitivity reaction

Pain after injection

Anti vit K so bleeding 🩸

Question 25

Drug act as a bacteriacidal is the drug that inhibit c.w synthesis

Answer 25

B lactam (. Carbapenems cephalosporin pinicillin Monbactam Non beta lactam ( vancomycin)

Question 26

the broadest spectrum beta lactam antibiotic

Answer 26

Carbapenems/ imipenem

Question 27

Carbapenems

Answer 27

Beta-lactamase resistant IV

Question 28

Show cross sensitivity with penicillins

Answer 28

Carbapenems Cephalosporin

Question 29

Carbapenems Used in combination with

Answer 29

cilastatin ال carb و كيلو الهم دخل بالدايت

Question 30

Monobactams e.g

Answer 30

aztreonam نام لحاله

Question 31

Monobactams spectrum

Answer 31

Narrow spectrum (only against G-ve aerobic rod) قاعد لحاله بالهواء لانه سلبي

Question 32

Monobactams , aztreonam ROA

Answer 32

IV or IM

Question 33

Monobactams cross reactivity with

Answer 33

ceftazidime لا تزيدها عليه لانه قاعد لحاله

Question 34

Safe drug for patients having penicillin or cephalosporin allergy (no cross sensitivity)

Answer 34

Monobactams aztreonam

Question 35

Covers G+VE only

Answer 35

Vancomycin

Question 36

Vancomycin ROA

Answer 36

orally or IV

Question 37

Vancomycin Given orally to treat

Answer 37

pseudomembranous colitis

Question 38

Vancomycin Slow IV infusion to treat

Answer 38

prophylaxis of systemic infections

Question 39

Vancomycin active and stable in refrigerator following reconstitution how many days

Answer 39

14

Question 40

Red man 🧍‍♂️ syndrome caused by

Answer 40

Vancomycin

Question 41

DOC for MRSA

Answer 41

Vancomycin

Question 42

alternative to aminoglycosides to treat enterococcal endocarditis

Answer 42

Vancomycin

Question 43

Vancomycin Increased risk for Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when administered with

Answer 43

aminoglycosides

Question 44

How to prevent the flushing that caused by vancomycin

Answer 44

Prevented by prolonging the infusion to 1-2 hrs or pretreatment with antihistamine

Question 45

Cell membrane synthesis inhibitor

Answer 45

Polymyxin

Question 46

Polymyxin Static or cidal

Answer 46

Bactericidal effect

Question 47

Active against G-VE bacteria

Answer 47

Polymyxin Monobactams

Question 48

Commonly used with multidrug resistant infections

Answer 48

Polymyxin

Question 49

Polymyxin ROA + contraindications

Answer 49

Available in parenteral, ophthalmic, topical preparations Limited systemic use due to increased risk of nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity (slurred speech, muscle weakness