Cephalometrics Flashcards
1
Q
What are the uses of cephalometric technique?
A
- Study of Craniofacial Growth.
- Diagnosis of Craniofacial Deformity.
- Planning Orthodontic Treatment.
- Evaluation of Treated Cases.
2
Q
What is a cephalostat?
A
holds the subject’s head in a fixed relationship to the central x-ray source
3
Q
A
4
Q
A
5
Q
A
6
Q
A
7
Q
A
8
Q
A
9
Q
A
10
Q
A
11
Q
A
12
Q
A
13
Q
A
14
Q
A
15
Q
A
16
Q
A
Soft tissue profile
17
Q
A
Crista galli
18
Q
A
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
19
Q
A
Outer table
20
Q
A
Inner table
21
Q
A
Frontal sinus
22
Q
A
Floor of anterior cranial fossa (midline)
23
Q
A
Floor of anterior cranial fossa (laterally)
24
Q
A
Ethmoid sinus
25
Nasal bone
26
Zygoma
27
Pterygomaxillary fissure
28
Mandibular canal
29
Hyoid bone
30
Mandible
31
Soft palate
32
Maxilla
33
Maxillary sinus
34
What is an anatomic landmark?
Those that represent actual anatomic structures of the skull.
35
nasion
36
orbitale
37
anterior nasal spine
38
superior prosthion
39
subspinale
40
infradentale
41
pogonion
42
supramentale
43
menton
44
gnathion
45
gonion
46
condylion
47
basion
48
posterior nasal spine
49
What are derived landmarks?
Those that have been constructed or obtained secondarily from anatomic structures
50
sella
51
articulare
52
pterygomaxillary fissure
53
porion
54
key ridge
55
What are the different soft tissue points on a cephalometric?
a)Soft tissue glabella.
b)Pronasale.
c)Subnasale.
d)Labrale superius.
e)Labrale inferius.
f) Soft tissue pogonion
56
soft tissue glabella
57
pronasale
58
subnasale
59
labrale superius
60
labrale inferius
61
soft tissue pogonion
62
A plane requires three points for definition; however, the cephalometric planes are only just lines connecting ______ points
two
63
sella-nasion
64
Frankfort horizontal (porion-orbitale)
65
palatal plane (anterior nasal spine-posterior nasal spine)
66
occlusal plane
67
mandibular plane (gonion-menton)
68
What are the horizontal planes on a cephalometric?
*sella-nasion
*frankfort horizontal
*palatal plane
*occlusal plane
*mandibular plane
69
What two points are connected in the sella-nasion plane?
sella
nasion
70
What two points are connected in the frankfort horizontal plane?
porion
orbitale
71
What two points are connected in the palatal plane?
anterior nasal spine
posterior nasal spine
72
What two points are connected in the mandibular plane?
gonion
menton
73
What are the vertical planes on a cephalometric?
*Nasion-Subspinale (N-A)
*Nasion-Supramentale (N-B)
*Facial plane (N-Pog)
*Subspinale-Supramentale (A-B)
*Subspinale-Pogonion (A-Pog)
74
What two points are connected in the facial plane?
nasion
pogonion
75
76
77
78
79
80
What is an SNA measurement?
Determines the anteroposterior relation of the maxilla to the cranial base. The inferior inside angle in which the SN plane intersects the NA plane.
Mean = 82
81
SNA
82
What is an SNB measurement?
Determines the anteroposterior relation of the mandible to the cranial base. The inferior inside angle in which the SN plane intersects the NB plane.
Mean = 80
83
SNB
84
What is an ANB measurement?
Determines the anteroposterior discrepancy of the maxillary to mandibular apical bases. The difference between SNA and SNB.
Mean = 2
85
ANB
86
What is an occlusal plane measurement?
Appraisal of the location of the teeth in occlusion to the face and the skull. Measure the angle of the occlusal plane to the SN plane.
Mean = 14
87
occlusal plane
88
What is a mandibular plane measurement?
Appraisal of the growth pattern. Measure the angle of the mandibular plane to the SN plane.
Mean = 32
89
mandibular plane
90
What is used to measure maxillary incisor position?
Mx. 1 – NA (nasion-subspinale)
91
What is the mean for maxillary incisor position?
22 degrees 4mm
92
What is this measuring?
maxillary incisor position
93
What is used to measure mandibular incisor position?
Md. 1 – NB (nasion-supramentale)
94
What is the mean for mandibular incisor position?
25 degrees 4mm
95
What is this measuring?
mandibular incisor position
96
What is the interincisal angle?
Relates the relative position of the maxillary incisor to that of the mandibular incisor.
97
What is the mean for the interincisal angle?
131
98
What is this measuring?
interincisal angle
99
How do you use the S line to analize the soft tissue?
100
What is the mean for the frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA)?
25
101
What is the mean for the mandibular incisor plane angle (IMPA)?
90
102
What is the mean for the frankfort mandibular incisor plane angle (FMIA)?
65
103
What are the angles of the diagnostic facial triangle?
*Frankfort mandibular plane angle – FMA
*Mandibular incisor plane angle – IMPA
*Frankfort mandibular incisor angle – FMIA
104
What is Wits appraisal of jaw disharmony?
- Measures the extent to which the jaws are related to each other anteroposteriorly.
- Perpendiculars from points A and B onto the occlusal plane
105
What is the mean and range of wits appraisal?
Mean = -1
Range = -2 to 4
106
Hyper or Hypo divergent
Hyperdivergent
107
Hyper or Hypo divergent
Hypodivergent
