Central Nervous System drugs

Question 1

What is Central Nervous System?

Answer 1

The integration and command center of the body

Question 2

What is Central Nervous System drugs?

Answer 2

• Medicines that affect the central nervous system (CNS).
• It is used for psychiatric disorders, suppression of seizures, relief of pain, production of anesthesia.

Question 3

What is the treatment for Narcolepsy?

Answer 3

Modafinil

Question 4

What drug is given to increase child’s attention span and cognitive performance?

Answer 4

Methylprenidate

Question 5

Stimulant used to stimulate respiration?

Answer 5

Analeptics: Xanthine

Question 6

What is the treatment for respiratory depression caused by drug overdose an COPD?

Answer 6

Doxapram

Question 7

If a patient is COPD, how many liters of oxygen should be given?

Answer 7

Only 3 liters of oxygen. The patient will loose their respiration drive if more oxygen is given.

Question 8

Shuffling, short stepped gait is a characteristic of what disease?

Answer 8

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 9

What will happen if there is a smaller substantia nigra?

Answer 9

There will be lesser dopamine which leads to less inhibitory neurotransmitter which makes acetylcholine

Question 10

What drug helps levodopa remain in the bloodstream for longer?

Answer 10

Carbidopa

Question 11

What is an anti-viral medication that promotes dopamine release as a side effect?

Answer 11

Amantadine

Question 12

What are the drugs given to a newly diagnose patient to Parkinson’s Disease because it prevents dopamine breakdown?

Answer 12

MAO-B Inhibitors

• Selegiline
• Rasagiline

Question 13

What is the reason why MAOI inhibitors cannot be given along with Tyramine-rich foods?

Answer 13

This will increase norepinephrine levels that results to hypertensive crisis. Nurses should be cautious when having hypertensive patients.

Question 14

What drug has the potential to accentuate anticholinergic side effects?

Answer 14

Amantadine

Question 15

What are the adverse effect of levodopa?

Answer 15

a) N&v
b) Orthostatic
c) Hypotension
d) Anorexia
e) Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
f) Arrythmias
g) Confusion

Question 16

How many weeks does the patient will experience benefits of the dopaminergic drugs taken?

Answer 16

2 to 4 weeks

Question 17

Blepharospasm is a sign of what when taking dopaminergic drugs?

Answer 17

Over-dose

Question 18

Is levodopa taken with or without food?

Answer 18

• Without food, because levodopa should have better absorption thus necessitates empty stomach.

Question 19

What is a recurrent episodes of seizures, usually have 3-4 episodes of seizures?

Answer 19

Epilepsy

Question 20

What is the difference between seizures and convulsion?

Answer 20

Seizure is a general term that applies to all types of epileptic events while Convulsion is an abnormal motor phenomenon.

Question 21

What are the two major types of seizures?

Answer 21

• Partial Seizures
• Generalized Seizures

Question 22

What is the difference between partial seizures and generalized seizures?

Answer 22

Partial seizures is an excitation undergoes limited spread from the focus from adjacent cortical areas while Generalized seizures is an excitation spreads widely throughout both hemispheres of the brain.

Question 23

What is an acute isolated seizures?

Question 24

What should you do if you see a patient having an episode?

Answer 24

1) Removes all the objects that may cause harm to the person who is experiencing epileptic episodes
2) Loosen the clothing
[F: remove the bra]
3) Position the patient to a side-lying position. This will induce proper secretions. [Do not force patient when not cooperating in a side-lying position]
4) Never put anything on a patient tongue
5) Time the seizure [If the patient have an episode longer than 2 minutes; call an ambulance] [When patient is already on the floor, call the ambulance immediately for probable brain damage]

Question 25

What is status epilepticus?

Answer 25

A seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes, or having more than 1 seizure within a 5 minutes period, without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes.

Question 26

The study of drugs that alter processes controlled by the nervous system

Answer 26

Neuropharmacology

Question 27

Conducting an action potential down the axon of the neuron

Answer 27

Axonal conduction