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Italy > Central Italy > Flashcards

Central Italy Flashcards

1
Q

As a whole, what is the Tuscan climate like?

A

Maritime- winters harsh and summers hot and very long

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1
Q

Chianti DOCG must contain what percentage of Sangiovese?

A

70%

It can be anywhere from 70-100%

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1
Q

Define: governo

A

Refermentation with the juice of dried grapes, to strengthen the wine and initiate malolactic fermentation.

This is legally permitted in Tuscany. This process must be indicated on labels as “Governo all’uso Toscano”

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1
Q

Bolgheri may produce pure varietal examples of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Cabernet Franc.

True or False?

A

True- this started as of 2013

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2
Q

List the DOCGs of Tuscany

A

-11-

Chianti
Chianti Classico
Carmignano
Morellino di Scansano
Brunello di Montalcino
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Elba Aleatico Passito
Montecucco Sangiovese
Suvereto
Rosso della Val di Cornia

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2
Q

Name 3 traditionalist of Brunello di Montalcino

A

Biondi Santi

Talenti

Soldera

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2
Q

If Vin Santo is fortified what is it labeled as?

A

Vin Santo liquoroso

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2
Q

Is Umbria coastal?

A

No it is landlocked.

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2
Q

Standard Torgiano bottlings—varietal wines, Rosso, Bianco, spumante—are simply labeled as?

A

Torgiano DOC

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2
Q

On what coastline is the Marches region?

A

Adriatic coastline to the east of Umbria

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3
Q

What 2 white grape varietals were, until recently, mandatory in the Chianti DOCG?

A

Trebbiano Toscano

Malvasia

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3
Q

What 2 soil types are most common in Chianti Classico?

A

Galestro- soft friable, marl like

Alberese- sandstone

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3
Q

Translate: vin santo

A

Holy wine

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3
Q

The late ripening Verdicchio grape is naturaly high acidity.

True or False?

A

True

Distinctive lemony, stony character

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4
Q

What 2 white grapes makeup the blend of Orvieto?

A

Grechetto and Trebbiano Toscana

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5
Q

Where do you see the Prugnole Gentile clone of Sangiovese.

A

Montepulciano within Tuscany

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6
Q

What are Montalcino’s fraziones (suburbs, or subcommunes)

A

-3-

Sant Angelo in Colle

Castelnuovo Abate

Torreniere

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6
Q

What are the 2 DOCGs of Umbria?

A

Torgiano Rosso Riserva

Montefalco Sagrantino

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6
Q

What are the 2 DOCGs of Marches that are focused on Verdicchio?

A

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

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7
Q

What are the 2 important producers of Montifalco Sagrantino?

A

Paolo Bea- traditionalist

Marco Caprai- modernist

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8
Q

What are the 2 red DOCG wines of the Marches?

A

Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG

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9
Q

What are the 3 DOCG of Latium?

A

Cesanese del Piglio DOCG- still red

Frascati Superiore DOCG- still white

Cannellino di Frascati DOCG- late harvest white

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10
Q

What are the 8 subzones of Chianti?

A

Classico

Rùfina

Colli Fiorentini

Colli Senesi

Colline Pisane

Colli Aretini

Montalbano

Montespertoli

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11
Q

What are the aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Normale- Aged 2 years in cask and a minimum 4 months in bottle. The wine may not be released until January 1st, the 5th year following harvest.

Riserva- Aged 2 years in cask and a minimum 6 months in bottle. The wine may not be released until January 1st the 6th year following harvest.

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11
Q

What are the aging and abv requirements for Bolgheri Superiore?

A

Minimum 2 years aging, one in barrique

12.5% minimum abv

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12
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti Classico and Chianti Classico Riserva?

A

Chianti Classico- 1 year

Chianti Classico Riserva- 2 years

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13
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti Riserva?

A

Minimum 2 years starting January 1st following the harvest

Chianti Colli Fiorentini and Chianti Rufina- must age a minimum 6 months in wood

Chianti Senesi- must age a minimum 8 months in wood in 4 months in bottle

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14
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rosso di Montalcino?

A

1 year with no rules on cask aging

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14
Q

What are the aging requirements for Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG?

A

Minimum 2 years with one in wood

Riserva wines are aged for 3 years

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16
Q

What are the aging requirements of Morellino di Scansano?

A

Normale= March 1st the year following harvest

Riserva= Minimum 2 years starting January 1st the year following harvest. A minimum 1 year in wood

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16
Q

What are the aging requirements of Sagrantino di Montefalco?

A

Secco: minimum 37 months aging with 12 in wood and 4 in bottle

Passito: minimum 37 months aging with 4 in bottle

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16
Q

What are the aging requirements for the 2 Verdicchio DOCGs of Marches?

A

Aged for a minimum 18 months.

Normale Verdicchio is released as DOC

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17
Q

What are the aging requirements of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Minimum of 2 years aging with one year in wood.

Riserva is a minimum 3 years

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18
Q

What is the main authorized grape variety of Torgiano Rosso?

A

Sangiovese- minimum 70%-100%

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19
Q

What are the DOCG of the Marches?

A

-5-

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona
Conero Rosso Riserva
Offida
Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva
Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva

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20
Q

What are the laws on the varietal makeup of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile clone)

Maximum 30% other permitted varieties of Tuscany

Maximum 5% white varieties

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21
Q

What are the original 4 villages of Chianti Classico?

A

Radda

Gaiole

Castellina

Greve

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21
Q

What are the minimums and maximums for blending in the Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG?

A

Min. 40% Sangiovese

Max. 60% combined Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon

Max. 20% other red grapes (except Aleatico) suitable for cultivation in Toscana

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22
Q

What are the principal grape varieties of Latium?

A

Trebbiano Toscana

Malvasia

Produced in mass quantities under the Castelli Romani DOC.

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24
Q

What are the proportions of varieties in Suvereto DOCG?

A

Suvereto Rosso: Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Merlot, plus a max. 15% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Toscana

Varietal-Labeled Wines: Min. 85% of stated variety, plus a max. 15% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Toscana

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25
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti Classico?

A

-7-

Rufina

Colli Fiorentini

Montespertoli

Colli Aretini

Colline Pisane

Colli Senesi

Montalbano

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26
Q

What DOC in Abruzzo accounts for most of the white wine production?

A

Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC

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27
Q

What DOC surrounds the DOCG of Conero Rosso?

A

Rosso Piceno DOC

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28
Q

What DOC within Chianti allows for varietal bottlings?

A

Pomino

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30
Q

What DOCG in Tuscany contains the white grape Vernaccia?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

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31
Q

What DOCG in Tuscany overlaps Chianti Montalbano?

A

Carmignano

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33
Q

What family was intsrumental in the elevation of Torgiano Rosso Riserva to DOCG?

In what year?

A

Lungarotti

1990

35
Q

What grape is Moscadello?

A

Moscato Bianco found in Moscadello di Montalcino.

More often the wines are sweet and may be still or sparkling.

37
Q

What is a fiasco?

A

A round-bottomed glass flask for wine, especially Chianti, fitted with a woven, protective raffia basket that also enables the bottle to stand upright.

39
Q

What is Abruzzo’s most cultivated varietal?

A

Montepulciano

40
Q

What is Aleatico genetically linked to?

A

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grans

possibly it is a red skinned mutation

41
Q

What is considered the second highest rated subregion of Chianti behind Classico?

A

Rufina

-dominated by the Frescobaldi family

41
Q

What is Gran Selezione?

A

New category for Chianti Classico-

Wines must be produced from estate fruit. Minimum 30 months aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including at least 3 months in the bottle (new category introduced in 2013)

42
Q

What is immediately south of the Marches along the Adriatic coast?

A

Abruzzo

44
Q

What is Italy’s most planted white grape varietal?

A

Trebbiano

44
Q

What is Procanico?

A

Trebbiano Toscana

45
Q

What region is south of Tuscany on the Tyrrhenean coast?

A

Latium (Lazio)

46
Q

What is Sangiovese Grosso?

A

Brunello Clone

47
Q

What is the 8th zone of Chianti and when was it added?

A

Montespertoli

1997

49
Q

What is the blend of Conero Rosso?

What is the aging requirements for Conero Rosso?

A

Minimum 85% Montepulciano

Maximum 15% Sangiovese

2 years in either new barriques or traditional old botti.

50
Q

What is the climate of Umbria?

A

Maritime- influenced by the Tyrrhenean Sea, in the shadows of the Appenine Mountains

52
Q

What is the DOCG of Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane

53
Q

What is the minimum % of Montepulciano in the Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC and in the Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC- 85%

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramene- 90%

54
Q

What is the minimum abv in Chianti Classico and Chianti Classico Riserva?

A

Chianti Classico= 12.0%

Chianti Classico Riserva= 12.5%

55
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese in Carmignano DOCG?

A

50% minimum

10%-20% Cabernet Sauvignon & Cabernet Franc mandatory

57
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese in Chianti Classico?

A

80%

57
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese in Morellino di Scansano?

A

85%

58
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese required for Colli Senesi?

A

75%

60
Q

What is the most important grape varietal in the Marches?

A

Verdicchio

62
Q

What is the number one white varietal in Bolgheri?

A

Vermentino

Sauvignon Blanc is also grown in the region

63
Q

What is the only true monopole DOC in Italy?

A

Bolgheri Sassacaia

64
Q

What is the only white wine in Tuscany to enjoy DOCG status?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

a crisp, pink grapefruit-tinged white wine produced on sandy, rock-strewn soils around the hilltop town of San Gimignano in the Siena province.

66
Q

What is the second most planted red grape in Italy?

A

Montepulciano

68
Q

What is the soil makeup of Montalcino?

A

Galestro in the higher altitude vineyards.

Clay is dominant in the southern reaches.

Fossilized marine deposits are scattered.

70
Q

What is the white grape used in Est! Est!! Est!!! di Montefiascone

A

Trebbiano- can be made still white or sparkling secco.

71
Q

What is Trebbiano d’Abruzzo also known as?

A

Bombino

72
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese must be found in Brunello di Montalcino and Rosso di Montalcino?

A

100%

72
Q

What is Occhio de Pernice?

A

Rose version of Vin Santo-

usually made with at least 50% of Sangiovese and other authorized white and red grapes

73
Q

What is the aging process for Vin Santo?

A
  • Grapes are hung to dry, time is set by each DOC. Typically until December 1st
  • Slow fermentation in caratelli barrels, usually made of chestnut, for a period between 3-8 years
  • The wine is never topped off so evaporation causes high alcohol and amber hue
  • Dependent upon the length of appasimento the wines may be dry or sweet
74
Q

What percentage of the Tuscan vines are planted to red varietals?

A

70%

75
Q

What style of wine does Offida DOCG produce?

A

Red wines from Montepulciano and whites from Pecorino and Passerina

77
Q

What style of wine is made in Vernaccia di Serrapetrona?

A

Spumante Rosso- either dry or sweet

85% Vernaccia Nera, minimum of 40% of Vernaccia must be passito

78
Q

What two grapes traditionally make up Vin Santo in Tuscany?

A

Trebbiano

Malvasia

Grechetto is sometimes authorized

80
Q

What type of soils are in the Lago di Corbara DOC?

A

Tuffeau soils

81
Q

What was the first commerical vintage of Sassacaia and who produced it?

A

1968

Marquis Mario Rocchetta

82
Q

What was the first Italian wine region to be delimited?

A

Chianti- 1716

84
Q

What was the first vintage of Tignanello?

A

1971

made by Piero Antinori, the nephew of Sassacaia winemaker Marquis Mario Rocchetta

85
Q

What were 3 of the first 100% Sangiovese super tuscans to enter the market?

A

San Felice’s, Vigorello

Montevertine’s, Le Pergole Torte

Isole e Olena’s, Cepparello

87
Q

What white grape shows promise in Maremma?

A

Vermentino

88
Q

What wine was given as a toast to the first successful nuclear reaction: The Manhattan Project?

A

Orvieto

89
Q

What year were white grapes no longer permitted in the Chianti Classico blend?

A

2006

90
Q

When can Chianti DOCG be released?

A

March 1st following the harvest

91
Q

When can Montespertoli be released?

A

June 1st of the year following the harvest

92
Q

When can Chianti Colli Fiorentini, Chianti Rufina, and Chianti Superiore be released?

A

September 1st the year following harvest

93
Q

When did IGT become a quality category?

A

1992

94
Q

When did Vino Nobile di Montepulciano gain DOCG status?

A

It was one of the first to gain status in 1980 alongside Brunello di Montalcino

95
Q

When was Chianti Classico designated as a DOCG?

A

1984 along side Chianti

96
Q

When was Chianti elevated to DOCG?

When were the limits of the modern Chianti zone established?

A

1984

1932

Even 7 subzones were created in 1932

97
Q

When was Sant’Antimo DOC created and what does it cover?

A

1996

It covers wines made in Brunello with any mixture of approved varietals throughout Tuscany, including red or white.

98
Q

When was the Bolgheri Sassacaia DOC established?

A

2013- it was considered a subzone of Bolgheri when it first attained DOC status in 1994

100
Q

When was the Chianti region first delimited?

A

1716

101
Q

Where does Edoardo Valentini produce wine?

A

Abruzzo

102
Q

Where is Morellino di Scansano located and who is it’s top producer?

A

Maremma, Tuscan coast

Elisabetta Geppetti- Fattoria Le Pupille

103
Q

Where is Pomino located and what are the 2 sole producers?

A

Located within Rufina

Fattoria Selvapiana

Marchese di Frescobaldi

104
Q

Where is the isle of Elba located?

A

12 miles off the coast of Maremma

105
Q

Where is the Lago di Corbara DOC and what does it produce?

A

Umbria

solid red wines

white wines

sweet wines

106
Q

Which DOCGs of Tuscany are comprised mostly of Sangiovese?

A

-7-

Chianti

Chianti Classico

Carmignano

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

Morellino di Scansano

Montecucco Sangiovese

Brunello di Montalcino (sole grape of DOCG)

108
Q

Who are 2 modernists of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Casanova di Neri & Mastrojanni

109
Q

Who is accredited for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Clementi Santi of Tenuta Greppo’s Biondi Santi-

He isolated the Brunello clone and the first vintage was 1865 for normale and 1888 for Riserva

110
Q

Who is the benchmark producer of Abruzzo?

A

Emidio Pepe

111
Q

Who is the premier producer in Latium?

A

Falesco in Montefiascone

112
Q

Who originally delimited the region of Chianti in 1716?

A

Grand Duke Cosimo III de Medici

113
Q

What are the three major crops of Tuscany?

A

Grapes, Wheat, Olives

114
Q

Who is Marquis Mario Rochetta?

A

released first commercial vintage of Sassacaia

115
Q

Where is Paleo Rosso located? What grape varietal is it based off of? Who produces it?

A

Bolgheri

Cabernet Franc

Le Macchiole

Italy (3 decks)

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