Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Question 1

The two main types of nucleic acids are

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
2. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Question 2

the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life

Answer 2

Nucleic Acids

Question 3

the substance of eukaryotic chromosomes

Answer 3

chromatin

Question 4

genetic material found in all living organisms

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

You can find these in DNA

Answer 5

nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria

Question 6

may contains tens of thousands of genes

Answer 6

chromosome

Question 7

DNA controls all of the cellular activities by turning the genes

Answer 7

on and off

Question 8

DNA and RNA are made up of monomers known as

Answer 8

nucleotides

Question 9

mostly involved in protein synthesis

Answer 9

RNA

Question 10

The DNA molecules never leave the nucleus but instead use an

Answer 10

intermediary to communicate with the rest of the cell

Question 11

The nucleotides combine with each other to form a

Answer 11

polynucleotide

Question 12

Each nucleotide is made up of three components

Answer 12

1. Nitrogenous base
2. Pentose (five-carbon) sugar
3. Phosphate group

Question 13

important components of nucleotides, are organic molecules

Answer 13

nitrogenous bases

Question 14

four possible nitrogenous bases:

Answer 14

denine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)

Question 15

These are classified as purines

Answer 15

Adenine and guanine

Question 16

The primary structure of a purine is

Answer 16

two carbon-nitrogen rings

Question 17

These are classified as pyrimidines

Answer 17

Cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Question 18

have a single carbon-nitrogen ring as their primary structure

Answer 18

pyrimidines

Question 19

has a double-helix structure

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

This means A can pair with T, and G can pair with C

Answer 20

complementary rule

Question 21

mainly involved in the process of protein synthesis under the direction of DNA

Answer 21

Ribonucleic acid or RNA

Question 22

usually single-stranded and is made of ribonucleotides that are linked by phosphodiester bonds

Answer 22

RNA

Question 23

DNA dictates the structure of mRNA in a process known as

Answer 23

transcription

Question 24

RNA dictates the structure of protein in a process known as

Answer 24

translation