Central Dogma

Question 1

Acceptor

Answer 1

tRNA portion that binds an amino acid

Question 2

Coding

Answer 2

Strand of DNA that matches the sequence of mRNA except with T in the DNA and U in the RNA

Question 3

Nucleotide

Answer 3

Composed of sugar, base, and phosphate group

Question 4

tRNA

Answer 4

RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome and matches them with mRNA

Question 5

TATA

Answer 5

DNA sequence found in a promoter

Question 6

Phosphate

Answer 6

Found at the 5’ end of DNA

Question 7

Quaternary folding

Answer 7

Protein folding level that involves multiple folded polypeptides

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

Stretch of DNA that codes for RNA

Question 9

Chromatin

Answer 9

Combo of DNA and protein to make up a chromosome

Question 10

A site

Answer 10

Hold tRNA with next amino acid to be added to growing polypeptide chain

Question 11

Phage

Answer 11

Virus that infects bacteria

Question 12

Nucleosome

Answer 12

Small clusters of DNA/histome combo

Question 13

RNA World Hypothesis

Answer 13

Hypothesis that RNA predates DNA as the major genetic material on Earth

Question 14

Terminator

Answer 14

DNA sequence that causes RNA polymerase to fall off DNA

Question 15

Tertiary

Answer 15

Protein folding that involves a folded 3-D shape of a single polypeptide

Question 16

Exon

Answer 16

DNA sequence of a gene that is kept in the mature mRNA

Question 17

Mendel

Answer 17

Monk who discovered laws of inheritance of genes passed down through generations

Question 18

MRNA

Answer 18

RNA that carries DNA info out of the nucleus

Question 19

P site

Answer 19

Holds tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain

Question 20

Promoter

Answer 20

DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds

Question 21

Anti-codon

Answer 21

Portion of tRNA that binds the mRNA codon

Question 22

Poly A Tail

Answer 22

Added to the 3’ end of mRNA

Question 23

Spliceosome

Answer 23

Large protein structure that splices exons together, removing the Introns

Question 24

Uracil

Answer 24

Nucleotide found in RNA but not DNA

Question 25

Watson & Crick

Answer 25

Built the double helix model of DNA

Question 26

Codon

Answer 26

Group of three nucleotides that code for one amino acid

Question 27

Pyrimidine

Answer 27

Cytosine & Thymine

Question 28

E site

Answer 28

Holds tRNA without an amino acid because it already has added it to the growing polypeptide chain

Question 29

Transcription factor

Answer 29

Protein that binds to DNA enhancer elements

Question 30

Histone

Answer 30

Proteins that DNA will wrap around in A eukaryotic cell

Question 31

Central dogma

Answer 31

The concept that genetic info flows from DNA to RNA to protein

Question 32

RRNA

Answer 32

RNA used the build ribosomes

Question 33

Hershey chase

Answer 33

Scientists who helped demonstrate DNA was the genetic material

Question 34

RNA polymerase

Answer 34

Protein that adds RNA nucleotides to the growing strand of mRNA

Question 35

DNA

Answer 35

Biomolecule labeled with radioactive phosphorus

Question 36

Purine

Answer 36

Adenine and Guanine

Question 37

Cap

Answer 37

Added to the 5' end of mRNA

Question 38

Enhancer

Answer 38

DNA sequence that attracts transcription factor proteins

Question 39

Intron

Answer 39

DNA sequence of a gene that is spliced out of a mature mRNA

Question 40

Peptide

Answer 40

Special name for the covalent bond that joins amino acids together

Question 41

Chargaff

Answer 41

Scientist who figured out that DNA had the same number of A's and T's and the same number of C's and G's

Question 42

Protein

Answer 42

Bio molecule labeled with radioactive sulfur

Question 43

Transcription

Answer 43

The process of converting DNA info to RNA info

Question 44

Hydroxyl

Answer 44

Found at 3' end of DNA

Question 45

Aug

Answer 45

The start codon

Question 46

Deoxyribose

Answer 46

Sugar found in DNA

Question 47

Translation

Answer 47

The process of converting RNA info into a protein

Question 48

Primary folding

Answer 48

Protein folding level that is just the amino acid sequence

Question 49

Franklin

Answer 49

Showed DNA was helical and structure but did not know how that helix was arranged

Question 50

Secondary folding

Answer 50

Protein folding level that involves alpha helices and beta sheets

Question 51

Ribosome

Answer 51

A combination of rRNA and protein that synthesizes proteins