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SOIL MICROBIOLOGY > Central Dogma > Flashcards

Central Dogma Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 component nucleotide

A

n-containing base
5-carbon sugar
phosphate group

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2
Q

5’ to 3’ antiparallel

A

DNA

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3
Q

A-T; GC

A

DNA

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4
Q

A-U, GC

A

DNA

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5
Q

two complementary strands are held by

A

H-bonds

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6
Q

dna turns/ path

A

clockwise - right-handed helix

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7
Q

1 complete turn of DNA

A

10 base group ; 1 major & 1 minor groove

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8
Q

AUCG
single stranded
ribose

A

RNA

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9
Q

the whole dna is copied

A

replication

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10
Q

dna is _________ conservative

A

semi

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11
Q

process of dna

A

bidirectional

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12
Q

direction of dna

A

5’-3’ direction

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13
Q

unwind the parental double helix

A

helicase

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14
Q

leading strand

A

5’-3’ continuous

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15
Q

lagging strand

A

5’-3’ discontinuous - okazaki fragment

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16
Q

ligate

- joins the okazaki fragmented to the growing strand

A

dna ligase

17
Q

initiation

A

identification of the origins of replication

unwinding (denaturation) of dsdna to provide ssdna template

18
Q

elongation

A

formation of the replication fork

19
Q

dna dependent synthesis of rna

A

transcription

20
Q

steps of transcription

A

initiation , elongation, termination

21
Q

carriers copies of instruction for assembling protein from DNA to ribosomes

A

mrna

22
Q

contains codon - 3 bases

A

mRna

23
Q

transfers each amino acid to the ribosom

A

transfer RNA

24
Q

anticodon

A

transfer RNA

25
Q

rna translated into amino acids

A

translation

26
Q

decoding a mrna

A

translation

27
Q

dna

A

triplet code - 3 bases - each codon has 3 bases

28
Q

mRNA

A

codon

29
Q

tRNA

A

anticodon

30
Q

61 diff codon

A

20 amino acids

31
Q

start codon

A

aug

32
Q

stop codon

A

uaa, uga, uag

33
Q

3 wyas of genetic transfer

A

transformation
conjugation
transduction

34
Q

genes transferred from one bacterium to another as “naked” DNA

A

transformation

35
Q

plasmid transferred

A

conjugation

36
Q

a small circular, double stranded DNA molecule that is distant from a cells chromosomal SNA and naturally exist in bacterial cells

A

plasmid

37
Q

involves bacteriophage- combine of donor and recipient

A

transduction

38
Q

bacteria eater

A

bacteriophage

SOIL MICROBIOLOGY (4 decks)

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