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CEN Cardiology > CEN cardiology cont > Flashcards

CEN cardiology cont Flashcards

1
Q

S/S of cardiac tamponade 9 things

A
  1. becks triad
  2. kussmauls sings
  3. pulsus paradoxus
  4. small EKC amplitude
  5. electrical alterans
  6. tachycardia
  7. anxiousness
  8. risk of PEA
  9. restlessness
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2
Q

becks triad is

A

JVD, hypotension, muffled heart sounds

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3
Q

Kussmaul Sign is

A

increased JVD on inspiration

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4
Q

Pulsus paradozus is

A

decrease in BP upon inspiration

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5
Q

electrical alternans is

A

alternating amplitude of QRS complex

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6
Q

TX of pericardial tamponade is 3 things

A
  1. needle pericardiocentesis (subxiphoid)

2. thoracotomy for

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6
Q

TX of pericardial tamponade is 3 things

A
  1. needle pericardiocentesis (subxiphoid)
  2. thoracotomy for pericardial window
  3. support BP with pressors
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7
Q

peripheral artery disease 5 S/S

A

shiny skin, hair loss, constant excruciating burning pain, cold extremity, decreased pulses or pulseless

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8
Q

DX of PAD

A

Ankle bracial index (ABI) 0.9-1.3

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9
Q

TX for PAD 2 things

A

Do not elevate the limb

prepare for embolectomy for critical limb ischemia

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10
Q

PVD is caused by

A

damage to venous valces

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11
Q

S/S of PVD is 4 things

A

leg pain, delayed wound healing, cellulitis, and ulcers

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12
Q

DVT is

A

a clot in a peripheral vein in the pelvis, thigh, or lower leg d/t sluggish blood flow

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13
Q

Risk factors for DVT is

A

Virchows Triad (venous stasis, vein damage, hypercoagulability

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14
Q

three TX for DVT are

A

elevate extremity, compression, and anticoagulants

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15
Q

Raynauds disease is

A

episodic intense vasospasm of the digits, nose or ears in response to stress or cold.

16
Q

blunt cardia injury is usually to the

A

right side of the heart (d/t positioning)

17
Q

5 S/S of blunt cardiac injury

A 
chest pain unrelieved by ntg
dysrhythmias (ST and PVCs mostly)
ST elevation
Hypotension
cardiac failure
18
Q

DX of blunt cardiac injury is

A

ECG monitoring and echocardiogram

19
Q

TX for blunt cardiac injury (three things)

A
  1. oxygen
  2. admission cardiac monitoring
  3. possible pressors
20
Q

cardiogenic shock is

A

inadequate tissue perfusion d/t pump failure (usually anterior wall MI)

21
Q

7n S/S of cardiogenic shock

A

tachypnea, crackles, pulmonary edema, S3 sound, Kerly B lines on CXR, cool clammy skin, hypotension

22
Q

5 TX for cardiogenic shock

A 
Oxygenation
decrease preload with NTG and diuretics
decrease afterload with NTG or nipride
increase contractility with dobutamine/iabp
treat dysrhthmias
23
Q

VAD 6 things to know

A 
audible hum with barley palpable pulses
MAP 60-90
doppler over radial or brachial artery
Contact VAD coordinator
Difibrillate with AP pads
CPR may damage device
24
Q

Obstructive shock is caused by these 5 things

A

percardial tamponade, tension pneumo, massive PE, supine vena cava syndrome in advanced pregnancy, abdominal compartment syndrome

25
Q

TX for obstructive shock

A

fix the underlying problem

26
Q

mass transfusion protocol ratios

A

1 plasma: 1 platelets: 1 pRBCs

27
Q

hypocalcemia is

A

common after MTP

28
Q

Dilution with NS in hypovolemic shock can cause this triad

A

hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy

29
Q

administer blood products based on

A

TEG lab values

30
Q

in blunt abdominal trauma and pelvic fx use

A

permissive hypotension (don’t pop the clot)

31
Q

Shock is

A

inadequate tissue perfusion

32
Q

Degree of shock is dependent on three things

A

cardiac output, hemoglobin, and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin

33
Q

Shock is not defined by

A

hypotension

34
Q

three things to monitor with shock are

A

serum lactate, pH, and base deficit

35
Q

hypovolemic shock (tank) is

A

loss of circulating volume, fill the pump, plug the leaks

36
Q

obstructive shock is

A

obstructed blood flow, relieve the obstruction

37
Q

Cardiogenic shock is (pump)

A

the pump is pooped, increase contractility

CEN Cardiology (4 decks)

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