Cemistry Acids And Bases Flashcards
Sulphuric acid chemical formula
H2SO4
Hydrochloric acid chemical formula
HCl
Nitric acid chemical formula
HNO3
Carbonic acid chemical formula
H2CO3
Phosphoric acid chemical formula
H3PO4
What does the pH scale do
Measures how acidic or basic a substance is.It ranges from 0 to 14
What does a pH lower than 7 show
The solution is an acid
What does a pH higher than 7 show
A base or alkaline
If a pH is 7 what is it
Neutral
Strong acids have a (…) pH than weak acids and strong bases have a (…) ph than bases
- LOWER
- LOWER
Is 7 on the pH scale acidic or basic
It is neither acidic or basic
Why do scientists sue the pH scale
Use to show the strength of an acid or base
How is pH measured
By dipping litmus paper not a solution such as water or other substances
What are chemicals called that are very basic or acidic
They are called “reactive”
What are examples of acidic and basic substances
- Household drain cleaners contain Iye, a alkaline very reactive
- vinegar and lemon juice are candid ich substances
- laundry detergents and ammonia are basic
Metal + acid —>
Salt + hydrogen
The salts of sulphuric acids are called
Sulphates
The salts of hydrocloric acid are called
Chlorides
The salts of nitric acid are called
Nitrates
Metal carbonate + acid —>
Salt +carbon dioxide + water
What are bases
They are the oxides or hydroxides of metals
When is a base an alkali
When the base is soluble in water
Sodium hydroxide chemical formula
NaOH
Ammonia chemical formula
NH3
Calcium hydroxide chemical formula
Ca(OH)2
Sodium carbonate chemical formula
Na2CO3
Magnesium hydroxide chemical formula
Mg(OH)2
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
Base + acid —>
Salt + water
