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History: first year > Celts > Flashcards

Celts Flashcards

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0
Q

When did the celts begin to control Europe?

A

650bc

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1
Q

When was the discovery of iron in Europe?

A

700bc

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2
Q

When did the celts settle in Ireland?

A

500bc

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3
Q

Which countries did the celts influence the most?

A

Ireland, Turkey, Spain, Britain, France

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4
Q

How do we know so much about the celts?

A

The Greeks and Romans could write so they have many documents about celts

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5
Q

What was the Celtic alphabet called?

A

Ogham

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6
Q

Where can you find Ogham ?

A

On standing stones

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7
Q

What were standing stones used for?

A

To mark graves and land boundaries

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8
Q

Who wrote that celts could be fined if their bellies stuck out?

A

Strabo

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9
Q

What did men wear?

A

Coloured woollen trousers ( bracae) and boots made from soft leather

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10
Q

What did men wear during the summer?

A

A sleeveless shirt which was tied around their waist with a belt or clip.

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11
Q

What did men during cooler weather?

A

Woollen tunic with sleeves. In severe weather they wore heavy cloaks.

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12
Q

What did women wear?

A

Long woollen dresses tied at the waist by a belt. They wore a shawl over their shoulders or a cloak during cold weather. The wore sandals or leather boots.

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13
Q

What patterns were on their clothes?

A

Stripes or checkered

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14
Q

What was the war paint called?

A

Woad

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15
Q

What did they use to dye their hair?

A

Lime

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16
Q

What are Celtic necklaces called?

A

Torcs

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17
Q

When did the celts discover how to make glass?

A

250bc

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18
Q

What was glass used to make?

A

Beads

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19
Q

How many tuaths were In Ireland ?

A

150

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20
Q

Who ruled the kingdoms?

A

The rí

21
Q

What was the name of the rí’s family?

A

Derbhfine

22
Q

What was the name of the successor ?

A

Tánaiste

23
Q

Who made up the nobles?

A

Landowners, Warriors and Aos dána.

24
Q

When were boys allowed to return from fosterage?

A

14

25
Q

What was the “hero’s portion”?

A

It was the best peace of meat from the roast joint?

26
Q

What did Celtic warriors sometimes do with the heads of their victims?

A

Chop them off and keep them as trophies.

27
Q

Who were the Aos Dána?

A

Brehons
Druids
Filí
Craftsmen

28
Q

What were Druids ?

A

Celtic pagan priests

29
Q

What were brehons?

A

Celtic judges

30
Q

Who were the filí?

A

Poets

31
Q

How long did filí train for?

A

20 years

32
Q

Who were the lowest in Celtic society?

A

Labourers and slaves.

33
Q

Where did nobles and and large farmers live?

A

Ringforts/raths

34
Q

Where did poor people live?

A

Mud cabins

35
Q

What were stone made raths called ?

A

Cashels

36
Q

What were souterrains?

A

Celtic underground passage used as a fridge

37
Q

What does crannóg mean?

A

Young tree

38
Q

Give an example of a hill fort?

A

The hill of Tara

39
Q

Give an example of a promontory fort?

A

Dún aengus, on the Aran Islands

40
Q

What was brandubh and ficheall?

A

Board games similar to chess

41
Q

What was Báire?

A

A game similar to hurling

42
Q

Who was the God of the afterlife?

A

Daghda

43
Q

Who was Daghda’s wife?

A

Boann

44
Q

Who was the God of warriors?

A

Lug

45
Q

Who was the sea God?

A

Manánna mac lír.

46
Q

What was the name of the festival that celebrated the start of a new year?

A

Samhain

47
Q

When was Imbolc?

A

1st of February

48
Q

What does Imbolc represent

A

The end of winter

49
Q

What was Bealtaine?

A

The festival of good harvest

50
Q

When was Lughnasa?

A

1st of August

51
Q

What trees were special?

A

Oak trees

History: first year (8 decks)

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