Cellulose, Starch, Reducing and Non-reducing sugars Flashcards

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1
Q

Starch:

A

Made out of alpha glucose monosaccharides, and is a coiled, condensed, polysaccharide.
It has glycosidic bonds.

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2
Q

Why is it coiled?

A

The coils allow for larger quantities of starch to be stored.

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3
Q

Starch, aka…..?

A

Starch coil

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4
Q

Cellulose:

A

Made out of beta glucose monosaccharides, and every other monosaccharide is rotated 180 degrees to form a straight line.

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5
Q

Cellulose, aka……?

A

Beta pleated sheet

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6
Q

Which disaccharides are reducing sugars?

A

Maltose and Lactose

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7
Q

What is a reducing sugar?

A

Donates electrons which are used to reduce Cu2+ (blue) to Cu+ (red).
>=>0>=>0
(0 = electron)

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8
Q

What test can you use to find a reducing sugar?

Give a description.

A

Benedicts reagent test.
When you heat benedicts reagant with a reducing sugar the Cu2+ will change to Cu+. Copper Oxide is formed, and a red precipitate.

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9
Q

Which disaccharides are non-reducing sugars?

A

Sucrose.

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10
Q

What is a non-reducing sugar?

A

It is a sugar with no free electrons.
>=>0<=<
(0 = electron)

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11
Q

What test can you use to find a non-reducing sugar?

Give a description.

A

Test with benedicts reagent - no precipitate formed.
Apply dilute hydrochloric acid to a new sample to separate the molecules.
Then neutralise the solution with NaHCO3.
Retest solution with benedicts reagent, a red precipitate will form.

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