Cellular transport

Question 1

simple diffusion

Answer 1

high to low conc
uncharged and hydrophobic solutes
e.g. gasses, alcohol, steroids and some general anaesthetics

Question 2

facilitated diffusion + osmosis

Answer 2

high to low conc via integral proteins e.g. aquaporin for water

Question 3

bulk transport

Answer 3

endocytosis + endocytosis

Question 4

Ficks First Law of diffusion

Answer 4

consider:
membrane surface which determines how rapid diffusion is
how lipid soluble solute is
molecular size (larger the size the slower)
concentration gradient

Question 5

active transport

Answer 5

lipid insoluble and charged molecules moving via integral membrane bound proteins using ATP or electrogenic pump
2 types:
channel proteins
carrier proteins

Question 6

channel proteins

Answer 6

gated channels e.g. ion channels 
open channels (aquaporins but this is facilitated diffusion)

Question 7

carrier proteins

Answer 7

uniporters which span the width of the membrane but are only open at one end at any one time
e.g. glucose transporters and amino acid transporters

Question 8

secondary active transport

Answer 8

utilises ion conc gradient generated by primary active transport ATPases as potential energy source to move other ions against conc gradient 
i.e. indirectly dependent on ATP
transporters include:
symporter
antiporter

Question 9

symporter

Answer 9

co transporter and transports another substance into or out of the cell when coupled with movement of ion in the SAME DIRECTION (i.e. using Na/K ATPase)

Question 10

antiporter

Answer 10

exchanger where substances will move in opposite direction to the direction of the primary active transporter.