Cellular Transport Flashcards
ATP
Molecule that provides energy for active transport
Active transport
Requires energy to move molecules across membranes
Exocytesis
Used by Golgi bodies to release molecules outside the cell
Diffusion
Moves oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration across membranes
Mitochondria
Cell organelles that burn glucose and provide ATP for active transport
Osmosis
Water moves across membranes
Pinocytosis
Kind of endocytosis that takes in small dissolved molecules (solutes) or fluids
Passive
Does NOT require energy
Facilitated diffusion
Carrier proteins grab glucose molecules, change shape, and flip to the other side of the membrane, like a revolving door
Carrier protein
Integral membrane protein that helps move molecules across a cell membrane
Cell placed in isotonic solution
Neither swells or shrinks because the concentration of molecules outside the cell is the same as inside
Hypertonic
Solution in which there is a HIGHER concentration of molecules OUTSIDE the cells inside
Concentration gradient
Forms whenever there is a difference in concentration between one place and another
Active transport
Pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and na+-k+ pumps
Hypotonic
A solution in which the concentration of molecules outside the cell is LOWER than inside
Sodium-Potassium-Pump
Uses ATP to move 3 Na+ ions out of a cell while it moves 2 K+ ions in
Endocytosis
Types: pinocytosis, phagocytosis
Osmotic/turgor pressure
Caused by water inside a plant cell pushing against a cell wall
Exocytosis
Cells release large amounts of material in this process
Swelling and bursting of cells
Hypotonic
Shrinking of cells
Hypotonic
Water leaves a plant cell
Osmotic/turgor pressure will decrease
If solute is unable to pass through the dividing membrane
Water level will rise in hypertonic solution
