Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Describe a chemical summary of cellular respiration
In symbols: 6CO2 + 6H2O —–> C6H12O6 + 6O2
In words: oxygen + glucose ——–> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What is cellular respiration?
It’s the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
What are the 3 main stages in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle & the Electron Transport Chain
Which stage(s) occurs in the mitochondrian?
The Krebs Cycle & the Electric Transport Chain
Aerobic and anaerobic process are…
Aerobic processes are processes that require oxygen & Anaerobic processes are processes that DONT require oxygen
Distinguish which stage(s) in cellular respiration are aerobic and which are anaerobic.
aerobic stages = Krebs Cycle & Electric Transport Chain
anaerobic stage = Glycolysis
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere & cellular respiration puts it back. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, & cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food.
What happens during glycolysis?
1 molecule of glucose, a 6-carbon compound, is turned into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound. And ATP and NADH are produced as part of the process
What happens during the Krebs Cycle?
Pyruvic acid from glycolysis is broken down into carbon dioxide, NADH, ATP, & FADH2. Since glycolysis produces 2 molecules of pyruvic acid from each glucose molecule, the Krebs Cycle turns 2x for each glucose molecule.
Describe how citric acid is produced?
Pyruvic acid from glycolysis reacts to form acetyl-CoA which then enters the Krebs Cycle. In the process CO2 & NADH are produced. Acetyl-CoA combines w/ a 4-carbon compound to produce citric acid.
Why does ETC use high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle?
They’re used to convert ADP into ATP.
What is the difference between the ETC in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
In eukaryotes, the ETC is composed of a series of electron carriers located in the inner membrane of the mitochondrian. In prokaryotes, the same chain is in the cell membrane.
How do organisms generate energy when oxygen isn’t available?
Through fermentation, which releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP
Fermentation is a(n)___________ & it takes place in __________.
An anaerobic process; in the cytoplasm of cells.
Two forms of fermentation are…
Alcoholic fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation
