Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Four Stages of Cellular Respiration

Answer 1

1. Glycolysis
2. Oxidation of Pyruvate
3. Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
4. Electron Transport Chain

Question 2

Glycolysis

Answer 2

Reactants: Glucose, 4 ADP, 4 P, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+
Products: 2 Pyruvate, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2 NADH + H+, 2 H2O
Overall Equation: 1 glucose + 2 ADP + 2 NAD+ –> 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2N NADH + H+ + 2 H2O
Location: Cytosol
Steps:
1. Glucose
2. 2 ATP –> 2 ADP
3. –> 2 G3P
4. 2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH + H+
5. 4 ADP –> 4 ATP
6. –> 2 H2O
7. –> 2 Pyruvate

Question 3

Oxidation of Pyruvate

Answer 3

Reactants: 2 NAD+, 2 Pyruvate, 2 CoA
Products: 2 NADH + H+, 2 Acetyl CoA, 2 CO2
Overall Equation: 2 NAD+ + 2 Pyruvate + 2 CoA –> 2 NADH + H+ + 2 Acetyl CoA + 2 CO2
Location: Moving Inside Mitochondrion
Steps:
1. 2 Pyruvate
2. –> 2 CO2
3. 2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH + H+
4. –> 2 Acetyl CoA

Question 4

Krebs Cycle

Answer 4

Reactants: 2 Acetyl CoA, 6 NAD, 2 FAD+, 2 ADP, 2 P
Products: 4 CO2, 6 NADH + H+, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
Overall Equation: 2 Acetyl CoA + 6 NAD + 2 FAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 P –> 4 CO2 + 6 NADH + H+ + 2 FADH2 + 2 ATP
Location: Mitochondiron Matrix
Steps:
1. 2 Acetyl CoA
2. –> 2 Citrate (6 Carbons)
3. 2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH + H+
4. –> 2 CO2
5. –> 5 Carbon Molecule
6. 2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH + H+
7. 2 FAD+ –> 2FADH2
8. –> 2 CO2
9. 2 ADP + 2 P –> 2 ATP
10. –> 4 Carbon Molecule
11. 2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH
12. –> Repeat

Question 5

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 5

Reactants: 10 NADH, 2 FADH2, 6O2
Products: 32-34 ATP
Location: Inner Mitochondiral Membrane
Steps:
1. NADH –> NAD+
2. H+ protons pass through inner mitochondrial membrane via proteins
3. H+ protons pass through ATP synthase
4. ADP + P –> ATP

Question 6

Substrate Level Phosphorylation

Answer 6

A process in which a phosphorus is added to an ADP molecule to form an ATP molecule.