Cellular Respiration Flashcards
It takes place in the cytoplasm.
glycolysis
Glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
Glycolysis
ATP and NADH are produced.
glycolysis
Takes place in the mitochondria.
Krebs Cycle
Pyruvate is further broken down, releasing carbon dioxide.
Krebs Cycle
NADH and FADH2 are produced.
Krebs Cycle
Also occurs in the mitochondria.
Electron Transport Chain
Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed through protein complexes.
Electron Transport Chain
This creates a flow of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, generating a proton gradient.
Electron Transport Chain
ATP is produced as protons flow back through ATP synthase.
Electron Transport Chain
Glucose is phosphorylated, making it more reactive.
glycolysis
ATP is used to activate glucose.
glycolysis
The six-carbon sugar is split into two three-carbon sugars.
glycolysis
What are the molecules generated in glycolysis through redox reaction?
NADPH & ATP
What are the end product of glycolysis?
2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
Each pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA, releasing CO2.
Acetyl - CoA Formation
Acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to start the cycle.
Krebs Cycle
What are the product of each cycle of krebs cycle?
NADH
FADH2
ATP
Electrons from NADH and FADH2 move through protein complexes (I, II, III, IV).
Electron Transport Chain
Protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Electron Transport Chain
Protons flow back through ATP synthase, driving ATP production.
Chemiosmosis
What molecule is the final electron acceptor, forming water in ETC?
Oxygen
The movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane is used to generate ATP.
Chemiosmosis
Protons moving through ATP synthase illustrate this concept in the context of cellular respiration.
Chemiosmosis
ATP is formed by transferring a phosphate group directly to ADP from a substrate molecule.
Glycolysis & Krebs Cycle
Through the entire process of cellular respiration (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and ETC), one molecule of glucose can yield up to how many molecules of ATP?
38
Requires oxygen and is more efficient, yielding more ATP.
Aerobic Respiration
Occurs in the absence of oxygen, with glycolysis being followed by fermentation.
Anaerobic Respiration
In the absence of oxygen, fermentation regenerates NAD+ from NADH produced in glycolysis, allowing glycolysis to continue.
Fermentation
Product Molecules of the Krebs Cycle.
3 NADPH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
2 CO2
