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Year 8 Biology 2025 > Cellular respiration > Flashcards

Cellular respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

State the word equation for aerobic cellular respiration

A

glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

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2
Q

State where aerobic cellular respiration occurs in a plant or animal cell

A

Mitochondria

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3
Q

State what aerobic means

A

With oxygen

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4
Q

Explain why a muscle cell would need lots of mitochondria.

A

Because mitochondria are the site of aerobic cellular respiration

then energy is produced in the form of ATP in the mitochondria which can be used for muscle contraction

therefore the muscle cells need a lot of mitochondria to produce lots of ATP.

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5
Q

Give three uses for the energy released from ATP in a cell

A

Active transport
Muscle contraction
Protein synthesis/making proteins

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6
Q

State the molecule that is formed with the energy that is released from breaking down glucose during aerobic cellular respiration

A

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

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7
Q

Outline the 3 different types of blood vessel

A

Artery. This means that it is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
Vein. This means that it is a blood vessel that carries blood into the heart.
Capillary. This means that it is the smallest blood vessel that connects arteries with veins and where gas exchange occurs.

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8
Q

Describe the path of oxygen from outside the body in the air, to getting into the cells.

A

Air is breathed into the lungs and will fill the alveoli. This means that the oxygen will then move into a capillary lining the lungs and move into a red blood cell. The oxygen will then diffuse into a body cell and go towards the mitochondria.

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9
Q

State what moves the blood around the body.

A

The heart

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10
Q

State what features the alveoli have which help with efficient diffusion of oxygen into the blood

A

Thin walls
Good blood supply
Large surface area of capillaries

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11
Q

State what cell carries oxygen around the body

A

Red blood cell (combining with haemoglobin)

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12
Q

Define anaerobic

A

Without oxygen

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13
Q

State the word equation for anaerobic cellular respiration in animals

A

Glucose –> lactic acid

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14
Q

Explain the oxygen debt produced in humans as a result of anaerobic cellular respiration.

A

Because lactic acid builds produced during anaerobic cellular respiration
Then means that oxygen is needed to break this down
Therefore someone has an oxygen debt and is required to still breath heavily after strenuous exercise stops

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15
Q

State what type of exercise would require anaerobic cellular respirtion

A

Strenuous e.g. sprinting

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16
Q

State how many ATP molecules are produced from anaerobic cellular respiration

A

2

17
Q

State how many ATP molecules are produced from aerobic cellular respiration

A

30-32

18
Q

Define the dependent variable

A

**Variable that is measured **in an experiment to see what effect the change or manipulation had.

19
Q

Define the independent variable

A

Variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment to see what effect it has on what you measure.

20
Q

Define controlled variable

A

Variable that is kept constant in an experiment.

21
Q

State the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

A

Artery

22
Q

State the blood vessels that carry blood into the heart.

A

**Vein.

23
Q

State the 2 functions of capillaries

A

Connects arteries with veins and where gas exchange occurs.

24
Q

What changes occur to allow inhaling?

A

Diaphragm contracts, ribs move up and out

25
Q

What changes occur to allow exhaling

A

Diaphragm relaxes (becomes dome shaped), ribs move in and down

26
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

the chemical reaction occurring in all cells to release energy from glucose

27
Q

State the word equation for anaerobic cellular respiration in plants and yeast

A

Glucose –> carbon dioxide + ethanol

28
Q

State the cellular location of anaerobic respiration

A

cytosol

29
Q

State the function of the alveoli

A

Allow gas exchange of carbon dioxide from the blood and oxygen to the blood

Year 8 Biology 2025 (3 decks)

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