Cellular Reactions Flashcards
Endergonic
require energy, graph ends higher, anabolic
Exergonic
release energy, graph ends lower, catabolic
Enzyme
Lowers the activation energy and therefore catalyses the reaction
Define Homeostasis
The condition of a relatively stable internal environment kept within narrow limits. When deviations occur mechanisms in the body act to return values to a “normal”, constant state.
Hormones are produced in…
glands
G proteins are located
on the inside behind a receptor and pass on the message to dna, to switch on a gene or to modify a protein e.g. switch on enzyme
ligand
signalling molecule e.g. hormone or neurotransmitters
neurotransmitters
protein
Steroids
lipids
beta cells in pancreas
release insulin effecting cell membrane permeability letting in glucose
alpha cells in pancreas
release glucagon which breaks down glycogen
PNS Sensory
visceral= involuntary somatic= voluntary
afferent nerves
sensory to CNS
efferent nerves
CNS to effector
PNS motor
autonomic= involuntary (auto)
somatic- voluntary from cns
