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Microbiology > Cellular Organisms > Flashcards

Cellular Organisms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell Shape:

Coccus

A

sphere shaped

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2
Q

Cell Shape:

Bacillus

A

rod shaped

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3
Q

Cell Shape:

Vibrio

A

noddle like/ curved shaped

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4
Q

Cell Arrangement:

Staphyl

A

bunches

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5
Q

Cell Arrangement:

Strepto

A

Chain/ string like

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6
Q

Cell Shape:

Spirillum

A
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7
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A
  1. Many organelles
  2. Nucleus
  3. Type of organisms
    1. humans
    2. fungi
    3. animals
    4. protista
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8
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A
  1. not as many organelles
  2. no nucleus
  3. typical organisms
    1. bacteria
    2. archaea
      1. the only thing that they have in common is being prokaryotic
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9
Q

Three Domains

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archaea
  3. Eukaryotes
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10
Q

Cell Arrangement:

Tetrads

A

Groups of Four

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11
Q

Bacteria Coat themselves with ________

A

glycocalyx which is either a slime layer OR a capsule

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12
Q

a “good” capsule is __ ___ ________ and __ _______

A

used for protection and to adhere

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13
Q

if capsule blocked phagocytosis, ____

A

than the bacteria benifits the pathogen

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14
Q

slime layer

A

less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm

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15
Q

Phagocytes

Cell Type:

Function:

Example:

A
  1. wbc
  2. Engulf/destroy harmful stubstances
  3. netrophill and macrophages (both phagocytes but different)
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16
Q

Virulence Factor

A
  1. any characteristic of pathogens that help it cause diseases such as a capsule OR a toxin the pathogen might produce
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17
Q

Biofilm

A
  1. community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
  2. organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
  3. very difficult to remove once established
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18
Q

Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..

A
  1. Gram negative
  2. Gram Positive
  3. Acid Fast
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19
Q

Gram- Negative Cells

A
  1. cell wall has both peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides
  2. cell wall has a outter membrane
  3. thin layer of peptidoglycan
  4. cells inherently resist penicillin
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20
Q

Drugs that Block peptidoglycan synthesis

A

penicillin

vancomycin

bactitracin

(all weaken cell calls ►bacteria die►drugs are considered antibiotics)

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21
Q

Acid Fast Cell Walls

A
  1. 3rd type of cell wall
  2. waxy
  3. mycobacterium species- RAFB
  4. fast = color cant be rinsed out
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22
Q

Genus

Mycobacterium

A
  1. afb- acid fast bacillus
  2. waxy cell wall
  3. resist desiccation
  4. example: m. tuberculosis
23
Q

peptidoglycan

A

complex polysaccharide that bacteria makes

24
Q

sphere shaped

A

Cell Shape:

Coccus

25
Q

rod shaped

A

Cell Shape:

Bacillus

26
Q

noddle like/ curved shaped

A

Cell Shape:

Vibrio

27
Q

bunches

A

Cell Arrangement:

Staphyl

28
Q

Chain/ string like

A

Cell Arrangement:

Strepto

29
Q

spiral

A

Cell Shape:

Spirillum

30
Q
  1. Many organelles
  2. Nucleus
  3. Type of organisms
    1. humans
    2. fungi
    3. animals
    4. protista
A

Eukaryotic Cells

31
Q
  1. not as many organelles
  2. no nucleus
  3. typical organisms
    1. bacteria
    2. archaea
      1. the only thing that they have in common is being prokaryotic
A

Prokaryotic Cells

32
Q
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archaea
  3. Eukaryotes
A

Three Domains

33
Q

Groups of Four

A

Cell Arrangement:

Tetrads

34
Q

glycocalyx which is either a slime layer OR a capsule

A

Bacteria Coat themselves with ________

35
Q

used for protection and to adhere

A

a “good” capsule is __ ___ ________ and __ _______

36
Q

than the bacteria benifits the pathogen

A

if capsule blocked phagocytosis, ____

36
Q

than the bacteria benifits the pathogen

A

if capsule blocked phagocytosis, ____

37
Q
  1. wbc
  2. Engulf/destroy harmful stubstances
  3. netrophill and macrophages (both phagocytes but different)
A

Phagocytes

Cell Type:

Function:

Example:

37
Q

less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm

A

slime layer

38
Q
  1. any characteristic of pathogens that help it cause diseases such as a capsule OR a toxin the pathogen might produce
A

Virulence Factor

39
Q
  1. community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
  2. organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
  3. very difficult to remove once established
A

Biofilm

39
Q
  1. Gram negative
  2. Gram Positive
  3. Acid Fast
A

Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..

39
Q
  1. Gram negative
  2. Gram Positive
  3. Acid Fast
A

Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..

40
Q
  1. contains a cell wall of peptidoglycan
  2. cell membrane
  3. thick layer of peptidoglycan
A

Gram- Positive Cels

40
Q
  1. cell wall has both peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides
  2. cell wall has a outter membrane
  3. thin layer of peptidoglycan
  4. cells inherently resist penicillin
A

Gram- Negative Cells

40
Q

penicillin

vancomycin

bactitracin

(all weaken cell calls ►bacteria die►drugs are considered antibiotics)

A

Drugs that Block peptidoglycan synthesis

40
Q
  1. 3rd type of cell wall
  2. waxy
  3. mycobacterium species- RAFB
  4. fast = color cant be rinsed out
A

Acid Fast Cell Walls

40
Q
  1. afb- acid fast bacillus
  2. waxy cell wall
  3. resist desiccation
  4. example: m. tuberculosis
A

Genus

Mycobacterium

41
Q

acid fast bacillus

A

AFB

41
Q

complex polysaccharide that bacteria makes

A

peptidoglycan

41
Q

if capsule blocked phagocytosis, ____

A

than the bacteria benifits the pathogen

42
Q

slime layer

A

less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm

43
Q

Biofilm

A
  1. community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
  2. organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
  3. very difficult to remove once established
44
Q

Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..

A
  1. Gram negative
  2. Gram Positive
  3. Acid Fast

Microbiology (5 decks)

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