Cellular Injury Mechanisms

Question 1

hypoxic injury

Answer 1

most common cause of cellular injury
results from:
reduced oxygen in air
loss of hemoglobin
decreased production of RBCs
poisoning of oxidative enzymes (cytochromes) within the cell

Question 2

free radicals and reactive oxygen species

Answer 2

free radicals are:
electrically uncharged
one paired electron allows them to be able to react with most molecules in their proximity

Question 3

chemical injury

Answer 3

xenobiotics cause damage to the liver when absorbed in toxic amounts’
examples: lead, carbon monoxide, ethanol, mercury, social or street drugs

Question 4

unintentional or intentional injury

Answer 4

more common among men
blunt force injuries result in contusions and lacerations
fractures
sharp force injuries
gunshot wounds
asphyxial injuries: suffocation, strangulation, chemical asphyxiants, drowning

Question 5

infectious injury

Answer 5

pathogenicity (virulence) of an organism lies in their ability to survive and multiply within a host
disease-producing potential is a function of its ability to:
1 invade and destroy cells
2 produce toxins
3 produce damaging hypersensitivity reactions