Cellular Compartments And Organelles

Question 0

What is the function of a lipid?

Answer 0

The function of a lipid is to block anything non polar or hydrophilic from entering the cell.

Question 1

How would you explain the structure of a plasma membrane?

Answer 1

All plasma membranes are surrounded by water. Plasma membranes include hydrophilic heads that are polar (water loving) and hydrophobic heads that are non polar (non water loving). With all of these components in tact, the plasma membrane forms a bilayer.

Question 2

What is transport protein consist of?

Answer 2

Selecting certain things to get through the cell through channel proteins. The protein must change shape in order to match the transport protein.

Question 3

What is the main function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

It consists of “soup” proteins, enzymes, dissolved salts and sugars. All of the organelles and the nucleus float in the cytoplasm.

Question 4

What do ribosomes consist of?

Answer 4

RNA and proteins

Question 5

Where are the two places in the cell where ribosomes can be found?

Answer 5

Free floating in the cytoplasm or bound to the ER to give it the rough surface.

Question 6

What is the main function of a ribosome?

Answer 6

To synthesize proteins

Question 7

What is the main function of the Rough ER?

Answer 7

It’s responsible for transporting proteins into and out of the cell. It can also be used as a storage area.

Question 8

What is the main difference between the Rough ER and the smooth ER?

Answer 8

The smooth ER contains no ribosomes.

Question 9

What is the main function of the smooth ER?

Answer 9

It’s used as the site for lipid (membrane) synthesis.

Question 10

What part of the cell does the Golgi Body connect to?

Answer 10

Smooth ER

Question 11

What is the main function of the Golgi Body?

Answer 11

It completes lipid synthesis and sorts proteins to their correct destination in small vesicles.

Question 12

What two functions are the vesicles responsible for in the cell?

Answer 12

They are responsible for transporting proteins and lipids to the cells surface. They also digest proteins in lysosomes.

Question 13

What is the main function of a lysosome?

Answer 13

It is responsible for digesting and/or destroying enzymes and it also recycles damaged organelles.

Question 14

What is the main function of a peroxisome?

Answer 14

It is responsible for breaking down fatty acids, amino acids, and alcohol.

Question 15

What is another name for the Mitochondria in the cell?

Answer 15

The power house.

Question 16

What is the main function of the Mitochondria?

Answer 16

Generates energy in the form of ATP to keep the cell alive.

Question 17

What kind of membrane does the mitochondria consist of?

Answer 17

A double membrane with a smooth outer layer and an inner layer that folds.

Question 18

What characteristic does the chloroplast have that the other organelles do not have?

Answer 18

It is only in plants.

Question 19

What kind of membrane does the chloroplast have?

Answer 19

A double membrane and a double lipid bilayer.

Question 20

What is the main function of the chloroplast?

Answer 20

This organelle makes sugar from sunlight and CO2 during photosynthesis.

Question 21

What are the main functions of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 21

Provides the cell with a specific shape, also known as the internal “skeleton” and provides cell movement.

Question 22

What are centrioles composed of?

Answer 22

Microtubules

Question 23

What function in the cell may centrioles take a part in?

Answer 23

Cell division

Question 24

What three things is the cell wall made up of?

Answer 24

Plants, fungi, and a variety of proteins.

Question 25

What does prokaryotic mean?

Answer 25

“pre-nucleus”

Question 26

What are the two features make up prokaryotic cells?

Answer 26

Bacteria and blue-green algae.

Question 27

What some key components that make up prokaryotic cells?

Answer 27

They are very small, they lack internal compartments and organelles, DNA is not separated from the cytoplasm, they do not have a nucleus, they have circular chromosome, and they have tough external walls.

Question 28

What does Eukaryotic mean?

Answer 28

‘True nucleus cells’

Question 29

What are some features that make Eukaryotic cells?

Answer 29

Proteins, plants, fungi, and animals.

Question 30

What some key components that make up eukaryotic cells?

Answer 30

They are subdivided by internal membranes which flow into different compartments, their DNA is enclosed by the nucleus, DNA is organized into chromosomes, the cytoplasm surrounds the nucleus and organelles, and all of the cells have a tough wall excluding the animal cells.